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The first step in flower arrangement is to determine the theme and artistic concept. Depending on the occasion—such as a festival, seasonal event, or specific environment—the style and mood of the arrangement should vary accordingly. For example, in a wedding setting, the floral design should reflect joy and celebration, often using flowers like roses, tulips, and calla lilies. When selecting accessories, it's important to keep them simple, abstract, and elegant, as they should complement rather than overpower the arrangement. These elements can subtly enhance the overall visual impact without drawing too much attention.
The second step involves preparing the flowers properly. First, it's best to cut the flowers early in the morning when they are fully hydrated and nutrient-rich. This helps extend their lifespan. If you don’t need to use scissors immediately after cutting, wrap the stems in a damp paper towel and store them in a refrigerator at 4°C to 5°C. Next, for certain flowers, especially those with woody stems, you can scald the base in boiling water for one minute or briefly burn it over a flame before soaking in medical alcohol. This prevents sap from leaking out and helps the flowers absorb water more effectively. However, this method is not suitable for plants with milky or pulpy sap. Another technique is the water shear method, where the stems are cut underwater at an angle to prevent air from entering the vascular system. This is ideal for most flowers but not recommended for those with thick or milky sap. Finally, after cutting, applying a small amount of gibberellic acid or diluted hydrochloric acid to the cut ends can help prevent bacterial decay.
The third step focuses on maintaining the freshness of the flowers. Regularly changing the water is essential—preferably distilled or ionized water—and trimming the stems every three to five days helps maintain proper water absorption. You can also add substances like boric acid, sulfur, carbolic acid, salicylic acid, or vitamins to the water to prolong the life of the flowers. Using a solution of 0.033% aspirin or 0.025% potassium permanganate can also be beneficial. Additionally, misting the leaves with fresh water reduces transpiration and keeps the plants hydrated. Applying a foliar fertilizer occasionally can provide extra nutrients and support the overall health of the flowers.
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