Wild geese's habits
Wild geese are a group of large waterfowl known for their strong build and distinctive features. They typically have a thick neck, long and pointed wings, and a head that is nearly as long as it is wide. Their beaks are robust, with a prominent tooth-like ridge along the upper edge, which helps them grasp food effectively. Most species have 16 to 18 tail feathers, and their plumage is usually brown, gray, or white. There are nine species worldwide, with seven found in China, including common geese, bean geese, spot-headed geese, and grey geese—excluding the white-fronted goose. In everyday language, they are simply referred to as "wild geese."
One of the most fascinating aspects of wild geese is their migratory behavior. During migration, they fly in large flocks, sometimes numbering in the hundreds or even thousands, forming a classic "V" shape. This formation, known as the "geese array," is led by an experienced "head goose." When the flock speeds up, they form a "human" shape, and when slowing down, they shift into a "snake-like" line to conserve energy during long journeys. As the leading goose flaps its wings, it creates an upward air current that the following geese can use to glide, saving energy. However, the head goose doesn't benefit from this lift, so it often takes turns with others to avoid exhaustion. The entire process is highly organized, with occasional calls like "Iah, Iraq" echoing through the sky.
Wild geese are adaptable and omnivorous, feeding on plants, grains, snails, and small aquatic creatures. They prefer wetlands, marshes, and lakes, where they can find abundant food and shelter. These birds are highly social, forming large groups in winter and smaller ones in spring. In Suqian, wild geese are known to alert each other when danger is near, often screeching and fleeing in unison. Within groups, there is a clear hierarchy, with dominant "prince geese" enjoying first access to food and mating rights.
Migration usually happens at dusk or night, with geese stopping at lakes and large bodies of water to rest. Each journey lasts about one to two months, filled with challenges like bad weather and predators. Despite these difficulties, they follow the same routes year after year, traveling north in spring and south in autumn. No matter where they breed or spend the winter, they return on time, guided by instinct and memory. Their resilience and unity make them one of nature’s most inspiring creatures.
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