Four Measures for Preventing and Treating Plum Tree Glue Disorders
In recent years, gum disease has become a growing concern in Lishu Orchard, leaving many fruit growers frustrated and unsure of how to combat it. This condition primarily affects the 1-2 year old branches of plum trees. Once infected, the bark becomes raised, and a soft, transparent gum begins to exude from the affected areas. As this gum comes into contact with air, it changes color, turning reddish-brown to dark brown and eventually hardening into a solid mass when dry. The affected parts of the bark and xylem turn brown and die, which weakens the overall health of the tree. In severe cases, entire branches may wither, and in extreme situations, the whole tree can die.
The disease can occur at any time of the year, but it tends to be more prevalent during hot and rainy seasons. To effectively manage and prevent gum disease, the following four strategies are recommended:
First, focus on soil management. Regularly loosen the soil around the trees, dig drainage ditches to avoid waterlogging, and ensure proper aeration. Increasing the use of organic compost or bran-based fertilizers along with phosphorus and potassium-rich fertilizers will help maintain loose, healthy soil that supports strong root development. This, in turn, enhances the tree's vitality and reduces the likelihood of infection.
Second, control pests that attack the trunk, such as stem borers. During peak periods of adult insect activity, like with beetles, inspect the trunks regularly and manually remove larvae if possible. Alternatively, apply a 1000-fold dilution of Lorsban or Farmland to kill adult insects. This helps minimize damage to the bark and trunk, protecting the branches and reducing the spread of the disease.
Third, implement chemical control measures during the critical period of May to June. Spraying with 12.5% diniconazole wettable powder at a dilution of 2000–2500 times, or 25% eugenol water dispersible powder at 500 times, is effective. Apply the spray every 15 days, repeating the process 3–4 times. When applying, make sure the solution thoroughly covers all parts of the tree, including branches, stems, leaves, and fruits.
Fourth, improve crown care by pruning appropriately. Avoid excessive trimming and maintain a sufficient layer of chlorophyll to shade the branches and reduce direct sunlight exposure, which can lead to cracks. Be careful not to damage the trunk while performing orchard maintenance. During droughts or hot weather, regular irrigation can significantly help prevent the occurrence of gum disease.
By combining these methods, growers can better protect their plum trees and reduce the impact of this persistent and damaging disease.
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