Four Measures for Preventing and Treating Plum Tree Glue Disorders
In recent years, gum disease has become a serious threat in Lishu Orchard, leaving fruit growers frustrated and unsure of how to deal with it. This disease primarily affects the 1-2 year old branches of plum trees. Once infected, the bark becomes raised, and a soft, transparent gum begins to exude from the affected areas. As the gum comes into contact with air, it changes color, turning reddish-brown or dark brown, and eventually hardens into a solid mass when dry. The affected area’s cortex and xylem turn brown and die, which weakens the tree’s overall health. In severe cases, entire branches may wither and even the whole tree can die.
The disease can occur at any time of the year but is most prevalent during hot and rainy seasons. To effectively manage and prevent this issue, the following four key strategies should be implemented:
1. **Soil Management**: Regularly loosen the soil in the orchard to improve drainage and prevent waterlogging. Digging drainage ditches is essential. Increasing the use of organic manure or bran fertilizer, along with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, helps keep the soil loose, promotes root development, and enhances the tree's vitality, thus reducing the occurrence of the disease.
2. **Pest Control**: Timely management of stem borers and other trunk pests is crucial. During peak adult activity periods, such as beetle season, regularly inspect the trunks of plum trees and manually remove larvae. Alternatively, spray a 1000-times diluted solution of Lorsban or Farmland to kill adult insects. This reduces the likelihood of pests damaging the bark and trunk, protecting the branches and lowering disease incidence.
3. **Chemical Treatment**: The best time for chemical control is between May and June. Apply 12.5% diniconazole wettable powder at a dilution of 2000–2500 times or 25% eugenol (WC) wettable powder at 500 times. Spray every 15 days, applying 3 to 4 treatments. When spraying, ensure full coverage of branches, trunks, leaves, and fruits until they are thoroughly soaked.
4. **Crown Care**: Proper pruning is important to maintain a balanced canopy. Avoid excessive trimming and keep a sufficient layer of chlorophyll to provide shade for inner branches, reducing direct sunlight exposure that can cause cracks. Be careful not to damage the trunk while caring for the plum trees. In drought-prone and hot seasons, regular irrigation can significantly help prevent the occurrence of gum disease.
By implementing these comprehensive measures, fruit growers can better protect their plum trees and reduce the impact of gum disease in Lishu Orchard.
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