Cashmere goat lamb management technology

The Cashmere Goat Lamb period refers to the stage from birth up to weaning at around four months of age. This is a critical time for growth and development, during which lambs rely primarily on their mother's milk for nutrition. Their bodies are still developing, and they have limited adaptability to external environments. The nutritional needs of lambs change significantly throughout this phase, transitioning from colostrum and milk to solid feed such as grass, hay, and grains. Proper care during this period directly impacts the future body weight and cashmere production of adult goats, making it essential to provide optimal feeding and management. **I. Cashmere Goat Lamb Rearing Techniques** **(a) Newborn Lamb Care** After birth, lambs must consume colostrum—the first milk produced by the mother—within the first 1-3 days. Colostrum is rich in proteins, vitamins, and immunoglobulins that help boost the lamb’s immune system. It also contains magnesium salts that aid in digestion and promote the passage of meconium. Without colostrum, lambs are more susceptible to diseases and may not survive. In some cases, newborn lambs may appear lifeless or be too weak to nurse. In such situations, clear the mouth and nose of mucus, lift the head, and gently pat the chest to stimulate breathing. If this doesn’t work, place the lamb on its back and perform artificial respiration. For cold-stunned lambs, warming them near a heat source or using warm water (38–40°C) can help restore body temperature. In the wild, holding the lamb close to your body can provide warmth. If a lamb refuses to nurse, it may be necessary to find a foster mother. These are typically ewes with fewer offspring or those who have lost their own. To increase acceptance, rub the lamb with the foster mother’s milk and urine before introducing it. If no foster mother is available, artificial feeding with goat milk or commercial milk replacer is an option. However, improper use of milk powder can cause digestive issues, so it’s important to monitor the lamb’s feces closely. A common preventive measure is to inject 0.5 ml of E. coli bacterin into the lamb’s neck to reduce the risk of diarrhea. **(b) Feeding Lambs** To support healthy growth, lambs should begin eating solid food as early as 10 days old. Initially, they can be introduced to the smell of cooked grains like soybeans or corn. By day 15, they can start nibbling on fresh grass, high-quality hay, and leaves. However, avoid overfeeding, especially during spring when grass is lush, as it can lead to diarrhea. Feeding should be regular and measured to enhance digestion and build strength. **Lamb Feeding Amounts:** - Under 1 month: No more than 50 grams - 1–2 months: About 100 grams - Over 2 months: Gradually increase to 200–500 grams **II. Cashmere Goat Lamb Management Techniques** **(a) Exercise** Lambs should be allowed to exercise outdoors starting at 5–7 days old, on sunny and wind-free days. This helps improve their physical condition, appetite, and overall health while reducing the risk of disease. **(b) Grazing** Grazing areas should be near the barn and of good quality. Lambs should be trained to stay close and follow commands. Avoid letting them eat dewy grass or get wet in the rain, as this can lead to illness. **(c) Deworming** Lambs are prone to internal parasites. Common treatments include albendazole and levamisole, which target worms in the digestive tract. A medicated bath is often used to treat external parasites. **(d) Poisoning Prevention** Lambs may accidentally ingest poisonous plants like onions or vanilla. Farmers should remove these plants from grazing areas. If poisoning occurs, administer mung bean water and atropine to help detoxify the lamb. **(e) Weaning and Grouping** Weaning typically occurs between 3–4 months. Two methods are commonly used: gradual weaning, where lambs are separated from their mothers during the day but reunited at night, and full weaning, where they are completely separated at 4 months. After weaning, group lambs by sex, size, and strength for better management. **III. Measures to Improve Lamb Survival Rates** 1. Avoid kidding during cold seasons; choose a time that ensures a warm environment. 2. Ensure ewes produce enough milk. 3. Disinfect the lamb and ewe immediately after birth. 4. Provide artificial feeding if needed. 5. Allow lambs to graze short distances with their mothers as they grow. 6. Expose lambs to sunlight for proper exercise and vitamin D absorption. 7. Administer cod liver oil to support bone and immune development. 8. Prevent overcrowding and keep lambs warm. 9. For weak lambs, provide glucose and calcium chloride injections. 10. Warm and dry weak lambs, then feed them colostrum. Proper care during the lambing period lays the foundation for strong, healthy cashmere goats. With attention to feeding, hygiene, and environmental conditions, farmers can significantly improve lamb survival rates and long-term productivity.

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