The atomization device of the ICP spectrometer usually consists of an atomizer and a mist chamber and a corresponding gas supply line, which constitutes a sample introduction system and has an important influence on the atomization performance. The solution sample is atomized by a nebulizer and enters a spray chamber. In the mist chamber, large droplets are "filtered" off into waste liquid, and only those fine droplets with a diameter of about 10 μm or less are carried into the analysis region of the atomic spectrum by the carrier gas. In fact, the ordinary atomizer The atomization efficiency is very low, only 1% to 3%, and rarely more than 5%. Most of the sample of the liquid sample to be sprayed is discharged as waste liquid. The atomization efficiency of the atomizer is not only with fog. The structure of the chemical device is related to the physical properties such as viscosity, surface tension and density of the solution. In order to improve the atomization efficiency, enhance the spectral intensity, and reduce the detection limit, many workers have been researching and improving the atomization device.
ICP light source requirements for the fog chamber:
1. Refine the mist beads, remove the droplets larger than 10μm in diameter, and cooperate with the atomizer to provide a uniform and fine high-density test liquid aerosol to the ICP light source;
2, smaller volume, lower memory effect, easy to clean;
3. Buffering the pulsation caused by the injection, so that the carrier gas aerosol can smoothly enter the light source;
4. Continuously and smoothly remove waste liquid.
The introduction of sample is a weak link in the analysis of ICP spectrometer, but it is also an extremely active and extremely important research field. It has always been a hot issue in the research of ICP spectrometer technology. Because the improvement of the sample introduction technology can not only play a very important role in the improvement of the analytical performance of the method, but also can extend the application range of the analytical method.
The factors to consider when choosing the appropriate injection method are:
1 type of sample, sample preparation method or enrichment method;
2 the content level of the tested component;
3 accuracy requirements;
4 precision requirements;
5 the amount of sample that can be used;
6 analysis speed requirements;
7 special requirements, such as chemical morphology, non-destructive or micro-loss, freckle analysis
8 instruments and methods of measurement, etc.
Samples generally introduced into the ICP spectrometer include three types of solid, solution, and gas samples. Among them, the solution is the most common sample form, and the solution atomization method is a frequently used injection method, especially the pneumatic atomization is a conventional injection technique.
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