Crocodile feeding methods and supply and demand
First, the method.
1. **Correct Location**
The entire area is in excellent condition with no industrial, pesticide, or domestic pollution. It has a sufficient and clean water supply, fresh air, and no soil contamination. The fish ponds at the crocodile breeding base are characterized by fertile soil, good environmental hygiene, and a clean atmosphere.
2. **Fish Pond Facilities**
(1) The crocodile breeding ponds cover a total of 225 acres, with each pond ranging from 1 to 2 acres. The bottom is flat, with silt depth less than 20 cm, and the water depth is between 1 to 1.5 meters. A one-meter-high wall surrounds each pond to prevent crocodiles from escaping and to keep outsiders away. The ratio of water surface to land area within the walls is approximately 1:1, which supports optimal crocodile growth.
(2) Fish for feeding (such as tilapia, cockroaches, and clams) are raised in soil ponds covering 165 mu, with each pond ranging from 8 to 10 mu. These ponds also have a flat bottom, sludge depth below 20 cm, and water depth between 1.5 to 2 meters.
3. **Crocodile Species Selection**
The main species bred include Siamese crocodiles, Nile crocodiles, and other common varieties.
4. **Disinfection and Preparation**
Before stocking, the ponds are thoroughly cleaned, disinfected, and the water quality is adjusted to ensure it meets the required standards.
5. **Water Quality Monitoring**
A dedicated quality control team oversees the water quality at the base. They closely monitor the surrounding environment to detect any potential threats such as pesticide spraying, changes in water sources, or water quality issues in nearby farmlands. In case of any pollution incidents, cooperation with fisheries and environmental agencies ensures timely remedial actions to protect aquaculture production. An independent evaluation by the Guangdong Fisheries Quality Supervision and Inspection Center confirmed that the water quality at the base meets the requirements of "Quality of Freshwater Aquaculture Water for Non-Environmental Foods" (NY5051-2001).
6. **Selection of Fry**
Healthy, disease-free, and inspected self-bred crocodiles or seedlings imported from Thailand are selected for stocking. Similarly, healthy tilapia, cockroach, and quail seedlings are chosen for feeding purposes.
7. **Stocking Density**
For crocodiles with body lengths between 30–100 cm (3–10 kg), the stocking density is around 200–300 per mu. For feed fish like tilapia, cockroach, and clams, the stocking density follows standard practices, with regular culling of larger individuals to maintain balance.
8. **Feeding Methods**
(1) Crocodiles are fed with self-raised live fish such as tilapia, oysters, and clams. Fresh water is regularly added to the ponds. Large crocodiles weighing over 30 kg are captured and processed for market, while smaller ones continue to be cultured.
(2) Tilapia, cockroach, and clams are primarily fed with a mix of corn, wheat bran, and other balanced feeds. Beneficial microorganisms, quicklime, and water quality enhancers are used regularly. Aerators and aeration pumps are employed to maintain oxygen levels. Large specimens meeting size requirements are selected for crocodile feeding, while others continue to grow.
9. **Daily Management Measures**
The base operates under unified management, ensuring all activities—from feeding to maintenance—are well organized. Technical staff receive training on crocodile health care, and key areas like water quality control, feed usage, and disease prevention are strictly monitored. Daily measures include:
(1) Regular water quality testing: The source water is tested every 10 days, and pond water is tested every 15 days. Standards follow NY5051-2001, with pH between 7–8.5, transparency around 30 cm, and dissolved oxygen above 4 mg/L. All 12 tested parameters, including heavy metals and pollutants, meet the non-pollution food aquaculture standards.
(2) Production records are maintained, documenting seed sources, feed details, and water quality changes to support scientific breeding practices.
(3) Proper use of feed, additives, and medications is ensured. Live fish from the base are used for crocodile feeding, and feeding amounts are adjusted daily based on activity and weather conditions. Spoiled fish are strictly prohibited. Feed for tilapia, clams, and cockroaches must not contain harmful substances. Illicit drugs are never used for disease treatment.
(4) Disease prevention follows a “prevention first†strategy, using biological agents and maintaining high-quality feed. Ponds are regularly refreshed with new water, and old water is recycled for use in fish ponds to maintain ecological balance.
(5) During winter, when temperatures drop below 15°C, crocodiles become inactive. To protect them, thin films are placed over the ponds, and warm well water is added to ensure safe hibernation. Feeding continues during this time to promote growth.
This detailed approach ensures a sustainable, high-quality crocodile farming operation.
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