Lantang soil pigs, a renowned local breed in China, are also commonly known as "black pigs" due to their dark coat. These pigs are small in size and grow slowly, which is why some people have humorously called them "stone pigs." Over the past two decades, they have largely been phased out from commercial meat production because of their low lean meat content, slow growth, and limited size. However, despite this decline, Lantang pigs have remained an important choice for breeding in Zijin County due to their gentle temperament and strong maternal instincts.
In recent years, however, there has been a renewed interest in Lantang pigs among food enthusiasts, who appreciate their tender, flavorful meat and rich taste. This growing demand has led to a supply shortage, especially during peak seasons like the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day. As a result, prices have skyrocketed, with a 100-kilogram Lantang pig selling for up to 1,500 yuan. Faced with such high market value, many farmers have started raising these pigs again. But as the author discovered during a visit to local farms, raising Lantang pigs today is no easy task—these pigs are prone to diseases, and improper care can lead to significant losses.
Drawing on years of experience and insights from local farmers, the author has compiled practical tips for raising Lantang pigs effectively.
First, focus on disease prevention. As the saying goes, "prevention is better than cure," and this holds true for pig farming. Before sows give birth, it's essential to ensure proper vaccination to provide piglets with initial immunity. However, some vaccines may cause miscarriage in pregnant sows, so caution is needed. After weaning, pigs should be vaccinated against common diseases like swine fever, porcine respiratory disease, and streptococcus starting at 25 days old.
Second, pay attention to feeding management in the early stages. Since Lantang pigs grow slowly, proper nutrition in the first three months is crucial. Piglets should be fed high-quality feed mixed with porridge and a small amount of bran. Two weeks before weaning, introducing silk water can help strengthen their digestion and improve appetite.
Third, after three months of age, energy-rich feeds should be reduced, and traditional feeding methods using rice bran, corn flour, and green feed should be adopted. This helps maintain the unique texture and flavor of the meat. From 3 to 6 months, pigs typically reach around 50 kg, and at this stage, high-energy diets must be controlled to avoid overfeeding. From 8 months onward, the diet should remain light, consisting mainly of rice bran and a small amount of corn flour until slaughter.
Fourth, provide an open-air space for exercise, preferably with yellow mud. This not only helps build stronger pigs but also allows them to absorb essential minerals from the mud. Outdoor exposure and sunlight also enhance their black coat and preserve the breed’s traditional qualities, making the meat crisp and flavorful without being greasy.
Fifth, incorporate fermented feed into their diet. A mixture of rice bran, bran, corn flour, peanut bran, and yellow mud, combined with brown sugar and water, can be fermented for about a week. Once it develops a sweet aroma, it can be used as part of the feed. Using fermented material in moderation improves digestion, increases appetite, and enhances the unique flavor of the pork.
Lastly, manage common diseases effectively. While well-maintained pigs rarely fall ill, respiratory issues are still a concern. Vaccinating pigs at one month of age against pleuropneumonia and other diseases can help prevent outbreaks. If illness occurs, antibiotics like kanamycin, amikacin, or tylosin can be used, often in combination for better results.
By following these practices, farmers can successfully raise Lantang pigs while preserving their unique qualities. With careful attention and proper care, these pigs can continue to thrive and meet the growing demand for premium, flavorful pork.
Zijin County Lantang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station
Lantang Soil Pig Farm – Dai Xiaoping
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