Analysis of Causes of Hairiness of Carp after Winter and Analysis of Prevention and Control Strategy

I. Symptoms of hairy squid in winter

After winter, the hairiness of squid occurred in the process of fishing, sale of fish, and transportation during the low water temperature period. The general symptoms are: squid is not strong, black body surface, little mucus or no mucous, coarse scales, the pectoral base of the fish, abdomen and pelvic fin base redness, redness, part of the body surface congestion on both sides of redness, serious It will die in transit.

Second, the loss of squid hair to farmers

Once the hairiness phenomenon of squid occurs, it will inevitably affect the surface finish of squid and affect the terminal selling price of squid.

According to the author's investigation, in 2011, the price of squid on the market in Sunan (1.2 kg/over) was between RMB 4.2-4.3/kg. The price of hairy squid on the market was lower than that of normal squid (no hair). 0.5-1.8 yuan / kg, severe hair hair carp even as low as 2.5 yuan / kg, a serious impact on the farmers breeding efficiency, so that the majority of carp farmers confidence in the cultivation of a serious setback.

The occurrence of this phenomenon, the majority of farmers and distributors first consider the issue of feed, have to find the theory of feed manufacturers and require feed mills to say, or even claim compensation directly. Therefore, at the present stage, whether it is a feed manufacturer or a farmer, it is very necessary to analyze the cause of hairiness of carp occurring in this specific season.

Third, the reasons for the hair after the winter carp analysis

According to a market survey conducted by the author, it was found that after the winter, the hairiness of squid was not changed according to the change of the feed brand, which basically ruled out the reason similar to “the squid tends to be hairy after using certain brands of feed”. Due to the excessive market concentration of squid market before 2010, the market price of squid was seriously affected. Users' expectations for aquaculture benefits declined and they were reluctant to sell, which in turn delayed normal fish sales until the first half of the year. Therefore, the squid that has developed has undergone a long wintering period. Users often sell fish for as long as 3-5 months from November of that year to March and April in the second year of the year. Users generally do not feed any fish. Feed or feed. During hunger, fish will use energy stored in glycogen, fat, and protein to maintain their life activities. The first to consume during the starvation period is fat and glycogen. The use of protein is less, and it begins when fat and glycogen are consumed in large quantities. Use more protein. Long-term overwintering of silver carp will lead to decreased physical fitness, weakened disease resistance, and increased disease. With the decline of physical constitution after winter, a series of stimuli and damages to the fish are caused during the net fishing process when the fish is sold, thus aggravating the stress of the catfish. Eventually squid will cause a series of hairiness such as mucus reduction and bleeding.

Fourth, comprehensive prevention and control strategy

In view of the fact that the hairiness of squid after winter is related to the price of fish, breeding period, feed feeding and stress, the author put forward five comprehensive prevention and control strategies from farmers and feed enterprises:

1, farmers rational use of materials, strengthen feeding management

Farmers generally believe that the winter carp does not grow, so generally do not feed any feed or feed during the wintering season of the carp, nor does it carry out special winter management, and only carry out simple care at most, which is not conducive to the smooth wintering of carp. Users should change their concepts, strengthen overwintering and feeding management, change the traditional habit of not feeding feeds during winter, and should adequately store enough feed before wintering, pay attention to appropriate feeding, and prematurely stop feeding is not good for overwintering. Feeding amount depends on the temperature of the weather and observation of the fish's diet, in order to maintain the fullness of overwintering fish, and shorten the time spent on physical consumption of fish. After winter, start feeding the feed, and gradually increase the feeding amount as the water temperature rises. It is best to add some high-quality feeds so that the fish can quickly recover in a short period of time to enhance the body. Otherwise, the fish body will not only fall out of maggots, but the immunity will also drop with it, accompanied by the weakening of the ability to resist disease and resist net tension. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention of salmon disease after wintering. In the early spring, the fish body is regularly sterilized, and the water quality improver is splashed on Quanchipia to adjust the pH and organic content of the water body, reduce the ammonia nitrogen content of the water, and increase the fish's resistance to bacterial diseases.

2, farmers should use drugs rationally

In recent years, when we visited the user's pond, we found that many users had abused antibiotics, especially the abuse of enrofloxacin. Many farmers use enrofloxacin as a conventional drug in the aquaculture process, even a panacea. Whether it is preventing fish diseases or treating fish diseases, the first consideration is enrofloxacin. According to some fishery and drugstore owners, sometimes enrofloxacin can even be sold out of stock.

For this reason, it is recommended that farmers should rationally use drugs, and prior to fish disease prevention or treatment, look for companies with strong expertise in aquatic products, such as Tongwei and other professional technical service teachers or local fish and Fisheries Bureau technicians in various regions. The fish disease prescription and diagnosis and treatment of fish disease system shall be implemented to ensure that fish diseases are readily available and that they can be cured. For the use of bacillus and other bacterial diseases, the functions of Tongwei's susceptibility labs set up in each area should be fully utilized to ensure the targeted, accurate, and effective use of drugs and prevent the abuse of antibiotics.

3, do a good job after-sale technical services

The quality of the user's breeding efficiency, the role of feed companies is very critical. Feed enterprises should strengthen professional training of business personnel. The clerk needs to change from a marketing type to a service type, and a well-established after-sale technical service is a value added product that feed companies should provide. Not only actively guide users to use good materials and raise good fish, but also actively guide users to grasp the price of fish and sell fish.

4, farmers grasp the price of fish

As the saying goes: "It's better to sell better than to raise it." In the aquaculture industry, especially in aquaculture, the prices of end products are greatly affected by the aquaculture production during the sale period. Because in a certain season, the market consumption habits of cultured species are basically fixed, which also determines that the market demand is similar to fixed. When the market supply of a product exceeds the demand, the price of the product is bound to be affected. The market price of products generally follows the law of “multiple prices of goods falling and prices of goods rising”. After the user delays the listing, most of the users still appear to be listed on the market. With the warming up of temperatures, many fish ponds have been reported to have onset. Together with the imminent arrival of the seedling season this year, fish ponds must be vacated to arrange production. Even if money is lost, they must sell fish. Therefore, farmers can grasp the price of fish by selling hot-water fish and listing in advance.

5, timely do a good job of feed formulation preventive nutrient regulation

Feed enterprises should also be actively involved in the prevention and control of hairy hair. In the 30-40 days before winter, the carp is intensively reared, the proportion of nutrients in the feed is adjusted at an appropriate time, the components of the fat and sugar content in the feed are appropriately increased, the protein content is appropriately reduced, and the vitamin content in the feed is appropriately increased. Enhances the body composition of overwintering fish. After a long wintering period, as the water temperature rises, fish’s energy and other nutritional needs increase. Therefore, it is necessary for feed companies to timely implement preventive nutrient regulation of feed formulas and do fish well. The maintenance of growth performance, immunity, disease resistance and other preventive nutrition.

We believe that as long as the majority of farmers actively change their concepts and cooperate with feed enterprise colleagues to jointly implement a comprehensive prevention and control strategy, the hairiness situation of squid in Jiangsu and Zhejiang will surely be effectively controlled.

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