Silkie chickens are a unique and distinctive breed native to China, known for their black skin, black muscles, and black bones. Historically, they have been valued not only as a food source but also for their medicinal properties. These chickens are considered highly nutritious and possess strong restorative effects. With growing consumer demand for black-bone chicken, the industry has expanded rapidly and now plays a significant role in China’s poultry sector.
One notable variety is the Xingwen Black-Bone Chicken. The main production area is located in Xingwen County, situated in the mountainous region of southern Sichuan. It is part of the broader Sichuan Mountain Silkie category and is also found in nearby areas such as Li County, Qilian County, and Gao County. A few populations exist in the hilly regions of Yibin, Pingshan County, and southern Jiang'an.
Xingwen Silkie chickens are larger in size, with a robust build. They typically have single combs, with few occurrences of rose or pea combs. Their plumage is mostly black, with some individuals having ephedra (a type of feather pattern), and very few white feathers. Most of their bones, beaks, feet, skin, and tongues are black. After slaughter, the meat, organs, and bones all appear dark, which is why they are often called "Shiquan" black-bone chickens. Some may have partially non-black features, earning them the name "half-black" chickens.
Adult males weigh between 2.6 to 2.8 kg, while hens range from 2.15 to 2.23 kg. These chickens grow quickly in their first six months, reaching market weight at around 2.2 kg for males and 1.8 kg for females. Under optimal conditions, they can be slaughtered at four months, with weights up to 2.3 kg for males and 1.9 kg for females. The slaughter rate is approximately 79.5%, and the net meat yield reaches 67–69%.
Xingwen Black-Bone Chickens are known for their tender and juicy meat, rich flavor, and potential health benefits. Hens start laying eggs at 180–210 days old, producing an average of 100–120 eggs per year. The fertilization rate is around 82%, and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs is about 87.5%. These chickens are adaptable and have been successfully introduced to other regions like Pingba and hilly areas, maintaining stable performance and genetic traits.
Another important variety is the Muchuan Black-Bone Chicken. Its central production area is spread across eight townships in Muchuan County, including Danan, Dianbao, Qianjian, Muxi, Jianhe, Xingfu, Yongfu, and Charcoal. It is widely distributed throughout the county and neighboring areas.
Muchuan Silkies are large in size, with a body shape that resembles an inverted triangle when standing. Their plumage is dark with a bluish-green sheen, especially on the comb, neck, and tail feathers. Their skin, mouth mucosa, and anal area are all black. The comb, earlobes, and toes are also black. Combs can be single, rose, or pea-shaped, and the shanks are long and hairy. Hens tend to have smaller heads and less proportionate bodies, with rough, dark skin. Roosters, on the other hand, have plump necks and well-developed tail feathers, giving them a vigorous appearance.
Males weigh 2.68–2.85 kg, while hens weigh 2.29 kg. The slaughter rate for adult males is about 79%, and for females, it's around 69%. The net meat yield is 56.1% for males and 49.8% for females. Hens begin laying eggs at 210–230 days old, producing 70–120 eggs annually. Their egg fertilization rate is high, around 95%, with a hatching rate of about 92%. The meat and eggs are both flavorful and tender.
Muchuan Silkies are well-suited for hilly and mountainous regions, where they can graze and thrive on minimal feed. This makes them a practical choice for small-scale farmers looking to raise high-quality, nutrient-dense poultry.
Metatron Hunter 4025 NLS
Metatron Hunter 4025:
Description and Field of Application
Purpose
The Metapathia-GR Hunter software can operate only with the telemetric nonlinear analysis data processing apparatus "Metatron" and its subsequent modifications. The telemetric nonlinear analysis data processing device is compatible with the IBM-type PCs and intended for studying reaction of a biological object to different types of the informational impact. "Metatron" allows correlating the measurement process with the process affecting it and performs the following.
Operations:
1) It measures J (0) which mirrors the change of the describing parameter, and the entropic potential relative to its ini- tial value;
2) It transforms continuous signal J (0) with the preset intervals of frequencies into a histogram (a row of numerical val-ues of scanned frequencies with serial numbers from 1.8 to 8.2 Hz.);
3) It sends the current W values to PC and displays the graph on the monitor simultaneously with its impact on the examinee.
4) It accumulates the W value in its memory unit, if observing the histogram is more convenient upon completion of the measurements;
5) It issues the scale-correlated commands required for regulating the effect on the examinee at testing;
6) It transmits the W values from the unit into PC memory upon completion of the measurements and saves them in unit memory of prior to the beginning of recording data of the next measurements.
Telemetric nonlinear analysis data processing apparatus "Metatron" (hereinafter "apparatus") can be used for non-linear analysis of biological structures and testing of biologically active supplements. The apparatus can also be used in research centers and scientific research facilities.
The apparatus is intended to register psychophysics changes in system and allows to:
- Get qualitative estimation of functional condition in a form of topical analysis.
- Control effectiveness and results of different ways of treatment.
- Analyze dynamics of functional condition changes over period of time.
- Determine initial nidus of functional breach.
- Estimate character of changes using expert systems.
- Estimate basic characteristics of bio-system homeostasis.
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