Golden gourd, cotton, corn, onion efficient double cropping
Golden gourd, also known as stir-fried melon, is a rare and unique vegetable with a distinctive flavor and high nutritional value. In recent years, farmers in Zhangji Town, Tongshan County have started cultivating this special crop, gradually forming an innovative anti-season high-efficiency farming model that combines golden gourd, cotton, and corn. This integrated system has been widely adopted, covering approximately 200-300 acres annually, with a total cumulative area of around 3,000 acres since 2000. On average, each acre produces about 8,000 yuan in annual output, with net income exceeding 7,000 yuan per mu.
The golden gourd cultivation process involves several key steps. First, seedlings are prepared using well-drained, fertile soil. At the end of February, farmers apply 3,000 kg of composted organic fertilizer along with 50 kg of superphosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, and 50 kg of urea during plowing. In mid-March, seeds are sown after soaking them in a 50% carbendazim WP solution diluted 800 times for 30 minutes. The seedlings are easy to root, and the organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed before use.
In early April, 2,000 kg of organic fertilizer is applied along the planting rows, and the soil is deeply tilled. After leveling the field, a 50 cm-wide plastic mulch film is laid, secured tightly on both sides. Seedlings are transplanted in mid-to-late April, spaced 1 meter apart within rows and 50 cm between rows.
Field management includes applying 15 kg of urea per acre 20-25 days after planting. Farmers also focus on early prevention of aphids and later control of powdery mildew. Harvesting typically occurs in mid-to-late June.
Cotton is planted at the same time as golden gourd, with one row of cotton planted between every two rows of gourds, spaced 30 cm apart.
For corn, early-maturing varieties are chosen. After the gourd harvest, one row of corn is sown immediately. Although the base fertilizer is sufficient, additional fertilization is needed at different growth stages due to the high nutrient demand of the gourd. Corn is harvested in late September.
Welsh onions are grown using winter-hardy varieties, with seedlings transplanted from late August to early September. By late October, cotton stalks are removed, and 2,000 kg of organic fertilizer, 50 kg of specialized vegetable fertilizer, 20 kg of urea, and 15 kg of potassium sulfate are added per acre. Onions are transplanted with a spacing of 4-5 cm between plants and 18-20 cm between rows. Careful attention is given to managing downy mildew and purple spot diseases. If drought occurs before and after the Qingming Festival, proper watering is essential. The onions are harvested in mid-April.
This integrated farming model not only maximizes land use but also ensures higher yields and better economic returns for local farmers. It's a great example of sustainable and efficient agricultural practices.
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