(A) Overcoming Challenges for High Yield of Artemisia selengensis
Artemisia selengensis, commonly known as wormwood, is a cool-season plant that thrives in moderate temperatures. It prefers a temperature range of 17–20°C, and when the temperature exceeds 29°C, its growth is significantly hindered. The leaves become small and sparse, which negatively impacts yield. High summer temperatures are often the main cause of poor cultivation success. To ensure healthy growth and high yields, it’s crucial to maintain an optimal temperature inside the greenhouse. Cooling methods such as using shade nets and misting the walls can help lower the internal temperature effectively. However, watering during the hottest part of the day is not recommended, as it can damage the roots and lead to seedling death due to sudden temperature changes.
Another important factor is preventing lodging. Wormwood tends to grow tall and weak if planted too densely or in environments with high humidity. This makes the stalks prone to falling over, which reduces both yield and quality. To prevent this, proper spacing (around 2–3 cm between plants) is essential. Applying growth regulators like 3000 times diluted liquid or 1500 times diluted solutions can also strengthen the stems and reduce the risk of lodging.
Rainwater entering the greenhouse during summer can lead to root rot and other diseases, which severely impact wormwood production. Therefore, it's vital to cover the greenhouse with waterproof materials before rain and ensure proper drainage. If water does get into the shed, it should be drained immediately to avoid plant loss.
Disease prevention is also key. Leaf spot and downy mildew are common issues that lead to yellowing and decay of leaves. Regular spraying with fungicides like Plectranthus or Leptosphaeria can help control these diseases. In addition, pests like diamondback moth and cutworms should be monitored and treated with appropriate insecticides to protect the crop.
(B) Growing Spinach in Summer: Key Tips
Summer spinach cultivation comes with its own set of challenges. One of the most critical factors is consistent and careful watering. After sowing, it's best to water lightly and frequently. If the soil becomes too dry, additional watering may be needed, but flooding should be avoided. Spraying water directly on the leaves can help keep the plants hydrated without overwatering the roots. After watering, it's important to remove any weeds or moss that might grow, as they can block airflow and cause rot. If moss becomes a problem, removing the shade net temporarily can help improve ventilation.
Preventing rain from entering the greenhouse is equally important. Before heavy rain, check the roof for holes and repair them immediately. Covering the sides of the greenhouse with plastic sheets can further protect the crop. In extreme cases, adding a layer of soil on top of the plastic can reinforce the structure and prevent water leakage.
Diseases like damping-off, downy mildew, and bacterial rot are common in summer spinach. A regular spray schedule using products like Benomyl and Streptomycin can help control these issues. Additionally, using yellow sticky traps and pest nets can help manage insect populations.
Spinach is also prone to bolting, especially in hot weather. To avoid this, it's best to harvest the plants early—when they reach 20–25 cm in height. Early harvesting not only improves quality but also prevents the plant from going to seed prematurely.
(C) How to Prevent Bolting in Summer Vegetables
Lettuce is another cool-season crop that struggles in high heat. While some varieties are more heat-tolerant, they are still prone to bolting during the summer. To minimize this, growers should choose heat-resistant varieties like Italian-resistant sorghum lettuce.
First, shading and cooling are essential. Using shade nets, covering the greenhouse with reflective films, and misting the walls during midday can help lower temperatures.
Second, shortening the growing period by harvesting earlier can reduce the chance of bolting. Lettuce should be harvested before it starts to flower, ensuring better quality and marketability.
Third, planting density should be carefully managed. Overcrowding increases the risk of bolting, so it’s recommended to plant around 5000–5500 plants per acre.
Finally, intercropping with taller plants like tomatoes or cucumbers can provide natural shade, helping to keep the lettuce cooler and reducing the likelihood of bolting.
(D) Protecting Leaves When Growing Summer Greens
Proper watering is essential for leafy vegetables like alfalfa. As temperatures rise, the evaporation rate increases, so more frequent watering is required. At around 35°C, watering every two days is usually necessary. If the soil feels dry after planting, it’s time to water. Delaying watering can lead to leaf wilting and reduced quality.
Foliar fertilization is also beneficial. Spraying a high-potassium foliar fertilizer every five days helps replenish nutrients and strengthens the leaves, making them more resistant to stress.
Thinning the plants appropriately is important too. A spacing of 3–4 cm between plants is ideal. Some farmers may spread out the plants to make them thicker, but this can actually increase the risk of leaf burn from excessive sunlight.
After heavy rains, it’s crucial to rinse the leaves to remove mud and debris. This helps maintain clean foliage and promotes healthy growth.
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SARMS is not strictly a drug; it is a substance that sits somewhere between a supplement and a drug.
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3. Introduction of SARMS common categories?
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