The Chemical Control of Direct Seedlings of Upland Rice
The editors are optimistic about the growing adoption of light-planted dry rice, a method that has increasingly attracted farmers due to its potential benefits. This year, with the government raising the purchase price of rice, the economic returns from dry rice have become more appealing compared to traditional crops like peanuts, corn, and soybeans in areas such as Zhengyang County. However, many farmers who are used to planting these crops face challenges when transitioning to dry rice, particularly in managing weeds.
One of the main issues is the increasing prevalence of barnyardgrass, a dominant weed in dry paddy fields. Farmers unfamiliar with effective control techniques often find it difficult to manage these weeds, leading to rising costs and reduced efficiency. Without proper knowledge, the problem continues to worsen, making it an urgent issue for current dry rice production.
Several factors contribute to the severe infestation of barnyardgrass. First, the diversity and adaptability of the species allow them to survive for decades, waiting for the right conditions to germinate. Second, improper herbicide use—such as applying chemicals when soil moisture is low or not following application guidelines—reduces effectiveness and leads to late-season weed outbreaks. Third, some barnyardgrass populations have developed resistance to commonly used herbicides, making control even harder. Additionally, incorrect timing of herbicide application can result in overgrown weeds, while reliance on natural rainfall without adequate irrigation further reduces control success.
To address these challenges, farmers typically use a three-step approach: pre-planting (seal), early post-emergence (kill), and mid-season (make-up) weeding. For pre-planting, options include 30% pretilachlor EC, 40% propyl benzyl, or 50% butachlor granules, applied after sowing and kept moist. Post-emergence treatments involve using products like 2.5% Penoxsulam or 35% dichlorobenzyl, targeting specific growth stages of the weeds. During the tillering phase, 10% Meili suspoemulsion can be used effectively. It's crucial to maintain field moisture after application and adjust irrigation accordingly.
In addition, when dealing with sedges or broad-leaved weeds, mixtures like 25% Benzonsone and 20% dimethyl tetrachlorine can be applied during the late tillering stage. Overall, successful weed management in dry rice requires a combination of timely herbicide application, correct dosage, and proper water management. Following the principle of "early prevention and scientific use of drugs" ensures better long-term results and sustainable farming practices.
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