Feeding fish to feed fish

Leeches, which refer to two major groups of zooplankton such as larvae and copepods, are highly nutritious and easy to digest. These tiny organisms serve as an excellent food source for fry and fingerlings. Cultivating leeches artificially is a cost-effective way to feed fish, promoting rapid growth and significant yield improvement. The process involves several key steps: First, construct the pond. You can use either an earthen pond or a cement pool, with a depth of approximately 1 meter and a rectangular shape ranging from 10 to 30 square meters. This size ensures proper water circulation and makes it easier to manage. Second, fill the pond with water to a depth of about 50 cm. Leeches thrive in water temperatures between 18-25°C, with a pH of 7.5-8, and dissolved oxygen levels between 70-120%. Maintaining these conditions is crucial for optimal growth. Third, fertilize the water. For each cubic meter of soil, add 4 kg of cow or horse manure, or other animal waste, along with 1.5 kg of rice straw or wheat straw as a base fertilizer. Apply top-dressing 10 days later using the same amount. Adjust the top-dressing based on the water color to maintain a brownish hue. In cement pools, add 1.5 kg of manure and 1.5-2 kg of geotextile per cubic meter. Top-dress every 8 days with 0.75 kg of manure to sustain nutrient levels. Fourth, cultivate the leeches. Whether using an earthen or mud pond, a combination of yeast and inorganic fertilizer works well. Add 20 grams of yeast per cubic meter of water, after soaking it in water for 3-4 hours. Then, apply 65 grams of ammonium carbonate and 37.5 grams of ammonium nitrate per cubic meter. Every 5 days, reapply half the initial amount of yeast. After introducing the yeast, allow the water to sit for 1-3 days before stocking fish at a rate of 30-50 grams per cubic meter. Finally, harvesting begins after 15-20 days when the leech population has grown significantly. At this point, you can start feeding the fish in batches. It’s common to harvest once every 1-2 days, removing 10-20% of the total biomass. In water temperatures between 18-20°C, fishing can be done continuously for better results. This method not only supports healthy fish development but also enhances productivity through natural feed cultivation. With careful management, this system can be sustained over multiple cycles, offering a reliable and eco-friendly approach to aquaculture.

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