Talking about the fuel saving method in the use of agricultural machinery
In the urban and rural areas of Donggang City, according to data from the Agricultural Census, there are a total of 18,081 agricultural vehicles, including 10,186 large, medium, and small tractors, 884 four-wheel agricultural transport vehicles, 6,456 agricultural tricycles, and 555 heavy-duty trucks. However, over 80% of these machines suffer from technical issues such as poor performance, low power output, and high fuel consumption. This not only hampers energy efficiency but also reduces economic returns. Improving the technological status of agricultural machinery is crucial for supporting both industry and agriculture, as well as promoting a resource-efficient society. It is an urgent challenge that agricultural machinery managers and technicians must address.
With global energy resources becoming increasingly scarce, many countries have prioritized energy conservation as a national strategy. The Chinese State Council has called on the public to embrace strict energy-saving practices and build a more sustainable society. As agricultural workers, we should actively respond by promoting energy-saving technologies in our equipment, making them more accessible and effective.
Based on years of experience in managing and promoting agricultural machinery, I believe that energy savings can be significantly improved through proper operation, maintenance, and technology upgrades. For example, the same model of tractor can consume up to 15-20% more fuel depending on the driver's skill level. Here are some key strategies to enhance energy efficiency:
1. **Fuel Preparation**: Diesel should be left to settle for at least 48 hours before use. Clean the area around the fuel tank before refueling. Use a hose or hand pump to fill the tank, allowing the fuel to flow by gravity. Using clean, settled diesel improves engine reliability and extends the life of critical components.
2. **Air Filter Maintenance**: Regularly check and clean the air filter, especially in dusty environments. A clogged filter can lead to rich fuel mixtures, incomplete combustion, and increased fuel use. The standard maintenance interval is about 100 hours, but this may need to be shortened in harsh conditions.
3. **Filter Care**: When maintaining wet filters, ensure the oil level is correct and never exceed the mark. For dry filters, remove all dust carefully without touching the filter element. Replace any damaged parts immediately.
4. **Fuel System Checks**: Regularly inspect for fuel leaks, particularly at the tank switch, connectors, and fuel lines. Leaks caused by vibration can worsen over time, leading to unnecessary fuel loss.
5. **Fuel Injector Adjustment**: Poor atomization or incorrect timing of the fuel injectors can result in black smoke and higher fuel consumption. Timely adjustments are essential.
6. **Engine Performance**: Over time, engine components like cylinder sleeves and fuel system parts wear out, reducing power and increasing fuel use. Prompt repairs are necessary to restore optimal performance.
7. **Cold Weather Operation**: During winter, avoid long warm-up periods. Start the engine at idle speed, and shift gears when the engine reaches its maximum torque to avoid wasting fuel.
8. **Gear Selection**: Drive in the highest possible gear at low speeds to improve fuel economy. Avoid unnecessary gear shifts.
9. **Exhaust Analysis**: Monitor exhaust color to assess engine health. Black smoke indicates incomplete combustion, blue smoke suggests oil burning, and white smoke may signal water in the cylinder.
10. **Balanced Engine Operation**: Ensure all cylinders are working properly. A faulty cylinder can increase fuel use by 10-20%.
11. **Valve Clearance Adjustment**: Maintain proper valve clearance to prevent power loss and excessive fuel consumption.
12. **Brake Management**: Avoid dragging the brakes, which can cause overheating and higher fuel use.
13. **Oil Changes**: Follow recommended oil change intervals based on season and operating conditions. Excessive oil increases engine resistance and fuel use.
14. **Lubrication Check**: Ensure bearings are properly lubricated and not too tight or too loose.
15. **Tire Pressure**: Maintain proper tire pressure to reduce rolling resistance and fuel consumption.
16. **Load Management**: Avoid overloading or running empty. Operate within the recommended load range.
17. **Speed Control**: Excessive speed increases air resistance and fuel use by 5-15%.
18. **Equipment Setup**: Correctly adjust the traction angle and fit clearance of attached equipment to prevent unnecessary fuel use.
19. **Transmission Adjustments**: Properly adjust transmission clearances to reduce power loss and fuel consumption.
20. **Field Operations**: Plan efficient routes to minimize empty trips and avoid re-cultivation or improper plowing depth.
In addition to these technical measures, government oversight and policy enforcement are essential to ensure energy-saving practices are implemented effectively. While many regulations exist, there is still a lack of specific guidelines on fuel conservation. Only with strong institutional support and a societal commitment to saving energy can agricultural mechanization continue to develop sustainably, turning the vision of a conservation-oriented society into reality.
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