Cultivation Technique of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

(1) Cultivation Conditions. A small earthen pond should be specifically designed for raising young shrimp. The location of the pond should ideally be in a sunny and sheltered area, close to where the main shrimp farming takes place. The pond should be rectangular and oriented east-west to maximize sunlight exposure. Each pond should cover an area of about 500 square meters, with a water depth maintained at approximately 1 meter. The structure must be sturdy, leak-proof, and capable of retaining water effectively. The bottom of the pond should have a slight slope to facilitate drainage. Two simple but efficient gates should be installed—one for water intake and one for drainage—making it easier to manage water quality and collect water when needed. A conical mesh bag made from a 50-mesh sieve is placed at the inlet to prevent unwanted organisms like fish eggs from entering the pond. At the outlet, a barrier made from a 40-mesh sieve is installed to stop juvenile shrimp from escaping. (2) Preparation for Seedling Stocking. Fifteen days before stocking the young shrimp, the nursery pond must be thoroughly disinfected. The disinfectant used can be either quicklime or bleach. The recommended dosage is 250 grams of quicklime per square meter or 150 grams of bleach per square meter. During the process, a water depth of 0.5 meters should be maintained. The disinfectant is mixed into a slurry and evenly distributed throughout the pond. Afterward, plankton is introduced to promote natural food growth. Once the water becomes rich in nutrients, the water level is gradually increased to around 0.8 meters, resulting in a light green color with a transparency of approximately 35 centimeters. (3) Stocking Density. It is generally recommended to stock about 1,000 shrimp per square meter in the nursery. However, if the pond is equipped with aeration systems or water circulation facilities, the density can be increased to between 2,000 and 3,000 shrimp per square meter, ensuring better oxygen supply and water quality. (4) Feeding Practices. The feed used in the nursery is similar to that used in regular shrimp ponds, primarily consisting of egg yolk, which is then crushed into fine particles. In the early stages of stocking, 100 grams of egg yolk is fed per 10,000 shrimp, steamed, kneaded, and filtered before being given three times a day. After three days, the feeding amount is gradually increased, reaching about 200 grams per 10,000 shrimp by the tenth day, meaning a total of 10 feedings over 10 days. After 20 days, the shrimp are slowly transitioned to larger feed such as powder or broken pellets of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, depending on their size and development stage. (5) Water Quality Management. Before stocking, the incoming water must be filtered through a 50-mesh sieve to prevent harmful organisms from entering the pond. The initial water level should be kept around 0.7 meters and gradually increased to about 0.9 meters as the shrimp grow. After seven days of stocking, water changes should be carried out every three days to maintain optimal water conditions and ensure healthy shrimp development.

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