High-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques of seedless watermelon
First, artificial shelling, scientific seedling seedless watermelon seed seed shell thickness, germination rate of only 30-40%. Using artificial shelling methods, the germination rate increased by more than 95%. For pods, place the seed mouth in the seam next to the nail clipper and gently press the handle to split the 1/3 of the seed length.
The best sowing date for seedless watermelon is from late March to early April. Nutrient sheds and nursery seedlings must seize five key links; a nutritional soil preparation. According to the proportion of 5 parts of field soil, 3 parts of pig cow dung, and 2 parts of piled manure, the manure must be fully decomposed, plus 3 kg of compound fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer per cubic meter of nutrient soil. The moisture content of the nutrient soil should be maintained at about 60%, that is to say, the hand can form a mass, and the ground can be scattered. The finger joints are just good enough; the second is the treatment of the seed. After selecting the superior seeds with the triploid seed holding traits (immature embryos, deeper cork sporophytic longitudinal cracks, and beaded protrusions), soak in the seeds for 2 to 3 hours and then stir. Species; the third is sowing. After the nutrient soil is irrigated, one seed is sown in each nutrient and then covered with loose fine soil for 2 cm. Must solicit clear sowing; four is artificially assisted in shelling. After the seedlings are unearthed, the seed shells are not easy to fall off. The "hatted seedlings" must be removed by hand in time. If the seed shell is too dry, spray a small amount of water first to moisten the seed shell. Fifth, strictly control the humidity of the seedbed.
Second, the application of base fertilizer, reasonable topdressing in the application of base fertilizer under the premise of a reasonable top dressing. The base fertilizer standard is 1500 kg farmyard fertilizer per mu, 100 kg cake fertilizer and 75 kg compound fertilizer. To increase potash fertilizer, reduce the application of phosphate fertilizer (too much phosphorous fertilizer, then sunspots and scorpions increase). Extending vines without fertilizer, so that plants grow steadily. Reuse of the melon fertilizer, when the fruit egg is large and the bowl is large, apply 10 kg compound fertilizer per acre combined with a watering hole.
Third, sorghum film, the correct transplant seedless watermelon is extremely resistant to stains, but also afraid of drought, must ensure that the field can discharge energy irrigation, should use deep sorghum sorghum, three ditch matching method, and the turtle was back turtle, Rain stops, Tian Gan and Ditch dry. At the same time, the promotion of plastic film covering cultivation techniques.
Planting must master the following aspects: First, the density of about 680 per mu; second is the time of planting, with cloudy days as the best; Third, the seedlings should be classified transplanting, easy to manage, and the fourth is to pour enough water; It is to increase Miao Fei. That is, the nutrient seedlings were immersed in 0.2% urea water or potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and then planted.
Fourth, timely pruning, hormone control seedless watermelon stretched, if not timely and reasonable pruning vines, it is easy to grow long, resulting in late fruit, or even not fruit. The use of double vine pruning can basically guarantee one plant and one melon, and the overall yield is high. At the same time, using 10 millilitres of midazolam, 30 kg of water, and spraying twice during the fruit setting period have a significant effect on preventing and controlling leggy and increasing fruit rate.
Fifth, artificial pollination, bagging and fruit conservation artificial pollination is the most important measure for seedless watermelon to obtain high yield. The specific method is: At 6-9 in the morning (cloudy days, sunny days), take the male flower that was opened on pollination day and remove the petals to reveal the stamens. Gently tap on the female stigma that was opened on that day. Pay attention to the lightness of the action. On rainy days, cover female flowers with cabbage leaves, lotus leaves, etc., or use sodium sulfate paper to increase the rate of fruit set.
6. Strictly controlling the fruit position, the selection of micro-fertilizers to increase the sweetness of the melon parts directly affects the size and quality of the single melon, and the seedless watermelon single melon reaches 5 kg or more. It takes about 60 healthy leaves, and the main female third female flower is selected. As a part of stay melon. At the same time, the use of foliar fertilizer also greatly improved the variety and yield of seedless watermelons, spraying them with planting 18, watermelon, rare earth, etc. at the seedling stage. The result was sprayed 2-3 times. Spray production increased by an average of 20%. The sugar content in the center was about 1% higher, the skin became thinner, and the white buckwheat seeds decreased.
Seventh, paved the grass and melon, timely harvested in the process of seedless watermelon production, vigorously promote the technique of paving the grass. In the open areas on both sides of the paved grass, so that melon vines in the grass on the melon, not only increased the rate of fruit set, but also reduce the damage of pests and diseases, at the same time have a role in the protection of weeds, prevent weeds, in addition, in the late fruit growth , Make the melon face color consistent, smooth and full, improve the melon's commodity rate.
Seedless watermelon can only exhibit its own flavor after fully ripening, generally 33-35 days mature, and its maturity can not be judged by the sound of tapping alone. It can be judged comprehensively according to the degree of withered leaves, peel luster, and the distinctiveness of stripes.
VIII. Comprehensive measures to prevent and control pests The main diseases of seedless watermelons are damping-off disease and wilt disease. The main pests include Huangshougua and tigers, etc. to adopt comprehensive measures for pest control. The first is to strengthen seedbed management and field management and enhance plant resistance. The second is the use of chemical control, with anti-virus antimony, copper ammonia mixture spray to prevent seedling bed damping-off disease, anti-dry Ling irrigation roots and spray to prevent wilt disease, the enemy killed the spray of anti-yellow stick melon trifoliate irrigation tiger and so on.
The best sowing date for seedless watermelon is from late March to early April. Nutrient sheds and nursery seedlings must seize five key links; a nutritional soil preparation. According to the proportion of 5 parts of field soil, 3 parts of pig cow dung, and 2 parts of piled manure, the manure must be fully decomposed, plus 3 kg of compound fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer per cubic meter of nutrient soil. The moisture content of the nutrient soil should be maintained at about 60%, that is to say, the hand can form a mass, and the ground can be scattered. The finger joints are just good enough; the second is the treatment of the seed. After selecting the superior seeds with the triploid seed holding traits (immature embryos, deeper cork sporophytic longitudinal cracks, and beaded protrusions), soak in the seeds for 2 to 3 hours and then stir. Species; the third is sowing. After the nutrient soil is irrigated, one seed is sown in each nutrient and then covered with loose fine soil for 2 cm. Must solicit clear sowing; four is artificially assisted in shelling. After the seedlings are unearthed, the seed shells are not easy to fall off. The "hatted seedlings" must be removed by hand in time. If the seed shell is too dry, spray a small amount of water first to moisten the seed shell. Fifth, strictly control the humidity of the seedbed.
Second, the application of base fertilizer, reasonable topdressing in the application of base fertilizer under the premise of a reasonable top dressing. The base fertilizer standard is 1500 kg farmyard fertilizer per mu, 100 kg cake fertilizer and 75 kg compound fertilizer. To increase potash fertilizer, reduce the application of phosphate fertilizer (too much phosphorous fertilizer, then sunspots and scorpions increase). Extending vines without fertilizer, so that plants grow steadily. Reuse of the melon fertilizer, when the fruit egg is large and the bowl is large, apply 10 kg compound fertilizer per acre combined with a watering hole.
Third, sorghum film, the correct transplant seedless watermelon is extremely resistant to stains, but also afraid of drought, must ensure that the field can discharge energy irrigation, should use deep sorghum sorghum, three ditch matching method, and the turtle was back turtle, Rain stops, Tian Gan and Ditch dry. At the same time, the promotion of plastic film covering cultivation techniques.
Planting must master the following aspects: First, the density of about 680 per mu; second is the time of planting, with cloudy days as the best; Third, the seedlings should be classified transplanting, easy to manage, and the fourth is to pour enough water; It is to increase Miao Fei. That is, the nutrient seedlings were immersed in 0.2% urea water or potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and then planted.
Fourth, timely pruning, hormone control seedless watermelon stretched, if not timely and reasonable pruning vines, it is easy to grow long, resulting in late fruit, or even not fruit. The use of double vine pruning can basically guarantee one plant and one melon, and the overall yield is high. At the same time, using 10 millilitres of midazolam, 30 kg of water, and spraying twice during the fruit setting period have a significant effect on preventing and controlling leggy and increasing fruit rate.
Fifth, artificial pollination, bagging and fruit conservation artificial pollination is the most important measure for seedless watermelon to obtain high yield. The specific method is: At 6-9 in the morning (cloudy days, sunny days), take the male flower that was opened on pollination day and remove the petals to reveal the stamens. Gently tap on the female stigma that was opened on that day. Pay attention to the lightness of the action. On rainy days, cover female flowers with cabbage leaves, lotus leaves, etc., or use sodium sulfate paper to increase the rate of fruit set.
6. Strictly controlling the fruit position, the selection of micro-fertilizers to increase the sweetness of the melon parts directly affects the size and quality of the single melon, and the seedless watermelon single melon reaches 5 kg or more. It takes about 60 healthy leaves, and the main female third female flower is selected. As a part of stay melon. At the same time, the use of foliar fertilizer also greatly improved the variety and yield of seedless watermelons, spraying them with planting 18, watermelon, rare earth, etc. at the seedling stage. The result was sprayed 2-3 times. Spray production increased by an average of 20%. The sugar content in the center was about 1% higher, the skin became thinner, and the white buckwheat seeds decreased.
Seventh, paved the grass and melon, timely harvested in the process of seedless watermelon production, vigorously promote the technique of paving the grass. In the open areas on both sides of the paved grass, so that melon vines in the grass on the melon, not only increased the rate of fruit set, but also reduce the damage of pests and diseases, at the same time have a role in the protection of weeds, prevent weeds, in addition, in the late fruit growth , Make the melon face color consistent, smooth and full, improve the melon's commodity rate.
Seedless watermelon can only exhibit its own flavor after fully ripening, generally 33-35 days mature, and its maturity can not be judged by the sound of tapping alone. It can be judged comprehensively according to the degree of withered leaves, peel luster, and the distinctiveness of stripes.
VIII. Comprehensive measures to prevent and control pests The main diseases of seedless watermelons are damping-off disease and wilt disease. The main pests include Huangshougua and tigers, etc. to adopt comprehensive measures for pest control. The first is to strengthen seedbed management and field management and enhance plant resistance. The second is the use of chemical control, with anti-virus antimony, copper ammonia mixture spray to prevent seedling bed damping-off disease, anti-dry Ling irrigation roots and spray to prevent wilt disease, the enemy killed the spray of anti-yellow stick melon trifoliate irrigation tiger and so on.
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