The three principles of mixed application of simple fertilizer
In recent years, some large planting farmers in the northeast region have liked to use their own mixed fertilizers. However, they often encounter various unpredictable problems in the mixing process, and are puzzled by poor handling. In order to help farmers overcome the technological barriers related to the application of fertilizers, this newspaper asked experts to introduce the three principles of common single fertilizer application for farmers' reference.
The main problem encountered in the application of a single fertilizer in mixed application is a defect from its physical properties, thereby resulting in many inconveniences in storage, transportation and field application. For example, agglomerates, dusts, secondary separation of particles, and excessive water absorption. Therefore, growers need to understand the common physical properties of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, especially moisture absorption, agglomeration, grain size, and pressure resistance.
Hygroscopicity and agglomeration Hygroscopicity refers to the ability of a fertilizer to absorb moisture in the air. The agglomeration is related to the hygroscopicity of the surface of the single-element fertilizer particles, and the fertilizer having a large hygroscopicity is easy to agglomerate. These two properties are very unfavorable for the storage, transportation and application of chemical fertilizers. The principle of mixed application of fertilizers requires that the smaller the hygroscopicity and the caking property, the better. However, most of the water-soluble fertilizers absorb water in the air more or less, but there are great differences among different varieties. Measured by the moisture absorption point at room temperature, the hygroscopicity of the low moisture absorption point is large, and the fertilizer is easily deliquescence. Among common fertilizers, calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate were the lowest (42.7%, 66.5%); ammonium chloride, urea, and potassium chloride were moderate (79%, 82%, 84%); ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, Potassium sulfate is higher (86%, 91%, 95%). The above data is the moisture absorption point of the simple substance fertilizer. After the fertilizer is mixed, the hygroscopicity is greater when it exists than the simple substance, and it is more prone to deliquescence.
Consistency between different fertilizers There are often some chemical reactions that occur during the mixing of more than two simple fertilizers. Some of these reactions are benign. Some of these reactions may lead to increased hygroscopicity and produce clumps or immobilize effective nutrients to reduce fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, to select a chemically compatible single fertilizer for mixed application, if the two non-mixable single fertilizers are blended together, it will generate heat, increase humidity, evolve gas or agglomerate. For example, a combination of calcium sulphate and calcium carbonate results in the loss of ammonia. 2 Ammonium nitrate and urea are two kinds of simple fertilizers that are completely incompatible. If they are mixed and stacked, their hygroscopicity will be greatly enhanced, resulting in a relatively dry Mixtures in the environment are also susceptible to moisture absorption and even appear to dissolve and cannot be applied. 3 Urea and superphosphate are two kinds of fertilizers with limited mixing. They can be mixed and used without storage. Especially in the high temperature and high humidity season in summer, it is impossible to wait for the night after the mixture is applied to the soil. If the two are mixed overnight, the mixture will slowly deliquesce and become a paste. In the compound fertilizer processing plant, the free acid in the superphosphate is neutralized with ammonium to form an aminated superphosphate, which can be mixed with urea.
The answers to the question of whether or not the common simple substance fertilizers can be mixed are listed in the table on the left (left). From the table, the relevant information can be found. In the common simple nitrogen fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers, superphosphate and ammonium sulphate are mixed and the material properties are good. Directly used as seed fertilizer or basal fertilizer; and superphosphate and ammonium bicarbonate are finitely compatible types, both must be mixed according to a certain proportion, and they must be used as base fertilizer with mixing, and cannot be stored. The optimal ratio of the two is that the superphosphate:ammonium bicarbonate is approximately equal to 7:3; if too much ammonium bicarbonate is used, the proportion of water-soluble phosphorus in the superphosphate is liable to decrease. Phosphate fertilizer can be used as a base fertilizer once into the soil, and less ammonium bicarbonate can just leave part of the dressing for later use.
Compatibility of Different Granule Fertilizer Application When several granular fertilizers are mixed and applied, delamination may occur during storage, transportation and application, resulting in uneven fertilization and poor fertilizer efficiency. The delamination problem is due to the uneven size of different fertilizer particles. Therefore, the particle size of the fertilizer to be blended must be controlled, and only fertilizers with a matching particle size can achieve uniform fertilization and the fertilizer effect can be guaranteed.
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