Analysis of Ultrasonic Extraction Technology of Soy Isoflavones

First, the basic information

[ plant name ] soybean

[ English name ] Soybean PE

[ Source ] Soy isoflavones are mainly distributed in the cotyledons and hypocotyls of soybean seeds, 80%-90% in the cotyledons, the concentration is 0.1%-0.3% , and the seed coat content is extremely small.

[ Resource Distribution ] China is a large soybean producing country with an annual output of more than 20 million tons, ranking fourth in the world.

[ Active Ingredients ] There are 12 kinds of isoflavones found in soybeans, which are divided into two types: free type Aglycon and combined type glycoside ( Glucoside ). Qianyuan accounts for 2%-3% of the total , including genistein, soybean aglycon and Glycitein ( Gly ). Glycoside accounts for about 97-98% of the total , mainly in the form of malonyl dye lignin, malonyl soy meal, dye hibiscus and soybean meal.

[ Efficacy] Soy isoflavones have unique effects on various diseases such as breast cancer , prostate cancer , heart disease , osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and women's menopausal syndrome .

[ Quality Standard ] In 2000 , North China Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. held a certification meeting for soy isoflavones. It was jointly reviewed by Hebei Provincial and Shijiazhuang Drug Administration and Drug Inspection Institute and passed the “Hebei Province Soy Isoflavone Enterprise Standard”, which was formulated with Chinese medicine products as the standard, and officially implemented. The standard strictly stipulates the technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, signs, packaging, transportation, storage, shelf life, etc. of soy isoflavones, and establishes a scientific basis for the production, testing and market development of soy isoflavones. The introduction of this standard has filled the domestic gap.

Second, the extraction method

1 . Adsorption resin method (the method adopted by Nankai University ) .

2 . In the 2000 Nikkei Biotechnology report, the DuPont group succeeded in cloning the isoflavone synthase gene, which has received attention as one of the functional components of soybean, and succeeded in producing isoflavones from recombinant plants.

3 . Another report: Dr. Jiang Haokui, a bioengineering expert in China, has successfully extracted from soybeans after years of research, and the purity is over 95 %, and applied for national patents.

Third, research and application status

Isoflavone compounds are naturally occurring phytoestrogens. Their main role in plants is antioxidants. In humans and animals, such substances have other biological activities in addition to estrogen-like effects. The study found that this kind of compound is abundant in bean crops and is a kind of non-nutritive ingredient in soybean. However, it has obvious health effects to humans and has no obvious toxicity, so it has received extensive attention.

Many different types of plants contain phytoestrogens, but the content of soybeans is high. It is reported in the literature that soy isoflavones are mainly distributed in cotyledons and embryos of soybean seeds with less seed coat. At present, there are 12 kinds of isoflavones in soybean, which are divided into free-type aglycon and combined glycoside. The ç”™ yuan accounts for about 2 % to 3 % of the total, including genistein ( genistein ), soyin (dihydroxyisoflavone, Daidzein ) and glycyrrhizin ( Glycitein ). Glycosides account for about 97 % to 98 % of the total, mainly malonic acid dyed mites ( 6"-O-malonylynitin ), malonyl soy mash ( 6"-O-malonyl daidzin ), gypsum hibiscus ( Genstin ) and the form of Daizin .

The study on the pharmacological effects of soy isoflavones is as follows:

1 . Antioxidant: genistein (Genistein) containing 5, 7, 4 three phenolic hydroxyl group-containing daidzein 7, 4 two phenolic hydroxyl groups. The phenolic hydroxyl group acts as an oxygen donor to react with free radicals to form corresponding ions or molecules, extinguish the free radicals, and terminate the chain reaction of free radicals. Soy isoflavones also have a clear antioxidant effect on whole animals. Soy isoflavone extract also has a significant inhibitory effect on the increase of peroxidation level and the decrease of antioxidant enzyme activity in mice induced by doxorubicin.

2 . Estrogen-like effects: Isoflavones are typical phytoestrogens. Soy isoflavones can replace estrogen and ER to exert estrogen-like effects, and interfere with estrogen and ER , showing anti-estrogen-like effects. Soy isoflavones show that estrogenic or antiestrogenic activity is primarily dependent on the hormone metabolism state of the subject itself. For estrogen levels, such as young and estrogenated animals and young women, antiestrogenic activity is shown; for estrogen levels, such as young animals, ovariectomized animals, and postmenopausal women, estrogen activity is shown. The estrogen-like effect of soy isoflavones may have certain preventive and therapeutic effects on many elderly women with hormone withdrawal related diseases such as elevated blood lipids, atherosclerosis and osteoporosis.

3 . Anti-cancer effects: Epidemiological studies have shown that, as the only dietary sources of soy genistein may be related to China, Japan's relatively low incidence of breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, the Japanese total plasma isoflavone levels higher than Westerners 7- 100 times.

4 . Studies have found that genistein inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro, and inhibition of angiogenesis suggests that isoflavones can be used as therapeutic agents for a variety of chronic disease neovascular diseases.

In recent years, research on the physiological and health effects of soy isoflavones has received much attention. There are many reports on the anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-aging, anti-aging and anti-osteoporosis effects of soy isoflavones, but there are still many unclear or The results were inconsistent.

At present, most scholars believe that the future animal cancer suppression test should focus on the genistein (glycosyl) in soy isoflavones. The anti-cancer mechanism is still not fully clarified, and in-depth research has very important theoretical significance and application value. The depth of the effects of genistein does not contain growth factor receptor PTK activity signal transduction pathway downstream of the target site and growth factor receptor PTK activity combined signal transduction cascade pathways may reveal further inhibit tumor cell genistein The molecular mechanism of proliferation. Another example; When studying the activity of topoisomerase inhibition genistein, was used to genistein concentration IC 50 in vitro inhibition test, there are still very few DNA damage was observed, indicating that genistein inhibits tumor cell The proliferative effect may be independent of its inhibition of topoisomerase activity. Therefore further research is very important.

In addition, many scholars have placed special emphasis on the use of correct methods for detecting estrogen. In the absence of sensitive and specific detection methods, attention should be paid to the combination of multiple methods to obtain correct and reliable results.

At present, the development and application of soy isoflavones only stays in the production of raw materials and low-grade health care products.

In short, soy isoflavones are a potential chemical control agent for cancer, cardiovascular disease and menopausal syndrome. In addition, China's soybean resources are abundant, soy food is a traditional food in China, such as the development of isoflavone-rich soybeans. Products can be used as functional foods or developed into new drugs, which will be of great significance in reducing the incidence of cancer, cardiovascular disease and menopausal syndrome or exerting its therapeutic effects.

Fourth, product development and production management company

● Extract enterprise

At present, the manufacturer with large production scale and good quality in China is Huabei Pharmaceutical, and the rest are as follows:

Dalian Lufeng Natural Biological Products Co., Ltd., Dalian Sanda Food Co., Ltd., Shandong Guangrao County Vegetable Oil Factory, Shandong Three-dimensional Oil Co., Ltd., Huabei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Kemei Health Food Co., Ltd., Heilongjiang Longjiang Soy Food Co., Ltd., Guanghan Biochemical Products Co., Ltd., Chengdu Zhongren Biochemical Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tianneng Bio-Health Products Co., Ltd., Guangxi Guilin Strength Natural Food Co., Ltd., Zhongshan Yitong Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Xi'an Oss Bio Engineering Co., Ltd., Gaoyou Feida Chemical Plant, Zhuhai Chuming Development Co., Ltd., Beijing Green Jinke Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing Taozheng Bioengineering Technology Co., Ltd., Tianju Group Yingkou Bohai Natural Food Co., Ltd., Yingkou Bohai Natural Food Co., Ltd., Fujian Longhua Mineral Spring Pharmaceutical Factory, Shandong Luye Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., etc.

● Health food manufacturers

Haitian Bio-Health Products Co., Ltd. Products: Tianneng Zhongnianbao Tablets ( including soy isoflavones )

Shijiazhuang Rongli Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. Products: Gold Transfer Capsule

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