Black spot of ramie
Symptoms mainly affect the leaves and ears. The leaves were infected with irregular, brown-shaped lesions of the first round, with rims ranging in size from 2 to 15 mm. Both sides of the lesions were black moldy, ie pathogenic conidiophores and conidia. In severe cases, lesions merged to cause diseased leaves to die. The ear lesions are black rot.
The pathogen Alternaria ricini (Yoshii et Takim.) Hausf called Alternaria anatipestifer, a fungus belonging to the subphylum Fungi. Conidiophores pedicellate, few solitary, dark brown, apical color shallow, base thicker, with septum, size 30-605.5-7 (μm); conidia more than solitary, few bunched, clubbing, dark Brown, long-celled, with 3-8 diaphragms, less longitudinal membrane, constricted at diaphragm, size 32-5410-16 (μm).
Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogens use hyphae to overwinter on sick bodies and become the primary source of infection for males in the following year. After the pathogen invades the host in the field, it undergoes sublimation, that is, it produces conidia in the diseased part and repeats the infection through wind and rain. Humidity is an important condition for the occurrence and spread of the disease. The ramie breeds in the later and late periods of rain or even rainy and foggy conditions, and the condition expands rapidly. Continuous disease is severe.
Control methods (1) Breeding resistant varieties. (2) Deep-turning in time after harvest and practice rotation for more than 3 years to prevent the accumulation of germs. (3) Suitable sowing should not be too early to avoid the peak of onset. Strengthen field management, increase organic fertilizers, and increase resistance to disease. (4) If necessary, spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times or 70% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times, 64% antivirus WP 500 times, 50% acetaminophen wettable Penalty 1500 times liquid.
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