Artificial Intelligence
Pheasant rearing house and equipment requirements
Pheasant breeding sites should be carefully selected in areas with high dryness, flat terrain, and a slight southern or southeastern slope to ensure adequate sunlight exposure. The location must be quiet, well-watered, and free from pollution. Sheds should be built on sandy soil to prevent waterlogging after rain. They should also be well-ventilated, light-transmitting, and provide comfort by being warm in winter and cool in summer. To support natural behaviors, shrubs and green or cereal feed should be planted in the playground, offering pheasants shelter and fresh food. Additionally, sand baths should be placed in the area so that pheasants can engage in their natural dust-bathing habits.
Pheasant feeding is typically done in bungalows. As pheasants grow, their needs change. Chicks require good insulation, so the roof should have insulation boards. Heating equipment like brooding umbrellas, stove hot air pipes, or underground flue systems are essential. Infrared light bulbs may also be used for warmth. Curtains should be hung to block drafts and prevent illness in young birds. For ventilation and lighting, shutters are installed at the top of walls or near the floor (about 35 cm from the ground). Wooden strips are arranged in parallel and diagonally, with gaps between them measuring 0.5 to 1 cm. Barbed wire or nylon mesh (0.5 cm) is placed outside the windows to allow airflow while preventing predators from entering.
Concrete floors are ideal for easy cleaning and disinfection, and to prevent rodent intrusion. The floor is covered with sawdust or chaff. A feeding area of 25 meters long by 6 meters wide can accommodate over 2,000 chicks. Adult pheasants require similar conditions—dry, well-lit, and ventilated spaces. Doors and windows should have 2 cm x 2 cm mesh, and wooden sticks should be placed inside to help control temperature. The habitat is often made from coarse bamboo, and a barbed wire fence surrounds the area, twice the size of the shed. A nylon mesh covers the top, and the playground is a sand field with small pits for activities and bathing.
For older pheasants, the window and playground sizes are increased to allow more sunlight, which helps boost metabolism. However, too much light during certain periods could reduce metabolic rate and increase fat deposition. Nesting boxes should be provided, positioned to block the view of males, and filled with dry sand and hay. The playground should be expanded accordingly. A feeding area of 45 meters by 5 meters can raise around 1,500 pheasants.
Housing structures vary depending on the stage of growth. Squatters and Zhongcheng Shashes often use double-sloped roofs with large depths, while smaller single-sloped sheds are more economical and practical. Skylight-style roofs are used in large-scale operations, featuring gas floors and louvers for better ventilation and light. Small farms can repurpose old buildings, ensuring they are clean, secure, and equipped with protective nets, sack curtains, and solid flooring to keep out pests and weather.
Inside the broiler house, food troughs and drinkers are essential. Chicks can use rectangular wooden troughs with a depth of about 2.5 cm, and some have rotating mechanisms to keep feed clean. Larger, ceramic-style troughs with a depth of 7 cm are common. Hanging buckets are also effective for hygiene. Fixed troughs made of metal or cement can be used, with dimensions adjusted based on the number and age of pheasants. Drinking fountains vary by age as well. Large-scale operations may use automatic circular fountains, while simpler setups use inverted bottles in enamel pots. Water requirements increase with age, and clean, constant access is crucial. Nest boxes should be placed in dark corners before egg-laying, with one box per 2–3 females to avoid competition and ensure successful laying.
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