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Dairy cattle breeding prevention and management technology

Reproductive disorders in dairy cows refer to conditions that disrupt the normal functioning of the reproductive system, such as irregular estrus cycles, failure to conceive, or difficulties during pregnancy. These issues can be caused by a variety of factors, including uterine infections, hormonal imbalances, improper breeding practices, nutritional deficiencies, and environmental stressors like heat. Uterine diseases are among the most frequent causes of infertility in dairy cattle. Infections in the uterus can lead to inflammation, the production of pus, and damage to the uterine lining. This not only prevents fertilization but may also cause long-term hormonal disruptions, affecting the ovaries and overall health. To prevent and manage these problems, proper management is essential. First, professional assistance should always be sought during calving. The birthing area must be clean, and the cow’s genitalia should be properly disinfected. Special care is needed for difficult births or retained placentas, followed by uterine flushing and medication to prevent secondary infections. Second, farmers should closely monitor estrus behavior, especially the mucus discharge from the vulva. Any unusual signs should prompt immediate veterinary consultation. Third, artificial insemination must be performed with strict hygiene protocols. Equipment should be sterilized, and the external genitalia cleaned before the procedure. Careful handling is necessary to avoid trauma to the reproductive tract and contamination of the semen. Ovarian dysfunction, such as anestrus or persistent corpus luteum, also affects fertility. In cases of anestrus, the cow shows no signs of estrus and has no ovulation. Treatment often involves administering FSH or gestational horse serum to stimulate follicle growth. For persistent corpus luteum, treatments include FSH injections, clomiprostol, or manual ovarian massage. Proper nutrition is crucial for maintaining reproductive health. Cows should be fed high-quality feed, avoiding overfeeding that leads to obesity. Green, juicy feed is especially beneficial during winter and spring to support regular estrus. During hot weather, cooling measures like ventilation, fans, and sprinklers help reduce heat stress, which can negatively impact fertility. Lastly, maintaining clean barns and pastures is vital to prevent infections. Good hygiene and disease prevention practices, such as controlling brucellosis, are essential for healthy reproduction in dairy herds.

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