Kiwifruit standardized production technology
In order to strengthen the construction of high-quality kiwifruit bases and implement improved varieties, standardization, intensification, and commercialization, this regulation stipulates the production targets for high-quality kiwifruit, garden soil construction, cultivation management, and fruit harvesting technologies for implementation at the production base. Increase production and efficiency: Promote the use of standardized production techniques for high-quality kiwifruit so that the quality of fruit can be improved and the fruit rate can reach 85%. The output value of mu has reached more than 10,000 yuan.
Technical requirements:
1. Colonization and standardization establishment. Colonization was performed according to a 34-meter row spacing. Dig deep into a 60-centimeter-long, 1 meter square planting pit. Requires pure seedling varieties, developed roots, and robust growth. Lateral roots, rooting 3-4, length of about 20 cm, thickness of 0.4 cm; seedling height of 60 cm, seedling thickness of 0.8 cm; full of buds more than 5; grafted joints healed well, a high degree of lignification. Next to each seedling, insert a bamboo rod and send out new shoots, and choose to keep a branch that grows and stands upright and tied to bamboo rafts for cultivation. A concrete column with a length of 2.8 meters and a cross section of 1010 centimeters with four 6# steel bars is erected every 6 meters. 0.8 meters underground is buried and 1.8 to 2.0 meters is exposed on the ground.
2. Implement soil testing and formula fertilization technology. According to the variety, age, tree vigor, target yield, and soil fertility determination, the implementation of formula fertilization. The organic fertilizer is applied to the base fertilizer in the pit, the base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, and the cooked manure and earthworm excrement are added, together with appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer.
3. Prune trim. Simply put on the shelves, double vine pruning, choose to leave two strong and strong vines to cross, respectively, along the center of the wire stretch to two ends, the maximum does not exceed 1.2 meters. On each side of the main vine, every 0.3 meters or so is selected to leave a strong sensation. The result is that the mother branch is fixed vertically to the plane of the row. As a result, the mother branch extends beyond the wire and allows it to grow freely, which promotes thickening of the mother branch. Results The resulting branches on the mother shoots were left with a result branch at 0.2 m intervals on both sides, fixed on the wire, and the excess was removed.
4. Implement honeybee pollination and artificial pollination techniques. When the bees pollinate, about 10% of the female flowers are open, 1 box of bees is placed in every 2 to 3 acres of orchards. The same crops as the kiwifruit flowering period and green manure inside or outside the orchard should be cut before flowering so as not to interfere with bee pollination. Artificial pollination, coping with bad weather, collection of male flowers that were opened at the beginning of the day and pollen was not scattered, using their stamens on the stigma of the female flowers, each flower can be awarded female flowers 7 to 8; also can be collected male flowers that are about to open, after peeling off the anthers After drying at 25-28°C for 12-16 hours, pollen collected was stored at a low temperature and dry place. Pollen was diluted 5 times when the female flowers were open, and pollen was sprinkled on the female stylar head manually or mechanically.
5. Diseases and Insect Pest Prevention Technology. Implementing the plant protection policy of “prevention first, comprehensive prevention and controlâ€, the key targets for prevention and control are ulcer disease, leaf spot disease, gray mold, low salaried armor, stink bug, and leaf borer. Based on the occurrence of pests and diseases to strengthen forecasting and timely adoption of agricultural, physical, biological and chemical control measures, comprehensive control of pests and diseases. Try to control the number of medications, effectively control the pests and diseases, so that long-term stability. Promote the use of mineral sources, plant sources and biological pesticides. It is forbidden to use highly toxic, high residue and chemical pesticides that may be carcinogenic, teratogenic or mutagenic. Comply with national regulations on the safe use of pesticides. It is strictly prohibited to use counterfeit pesticides.
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