The main role of silicon fertilizer and scientific application method
Silicon fertilizer plays an important role in modern agriculture, especially in improving crop health and productivity. Its application is becoming more widespread as farmers and researchers recognize its benefits. One of the main functions of silicon fertilizer is to help plants regulate water loss through transpiration. This means that under conditions of intense sunlight or drought, the leaves are less likely to wilt, which in turn enhances the efficiency of photosynthesis. Additionally, silicon contributes to the strengthening of plant cell walls, making the stems more rigid and resistant to lodging—especially important for crops like rice.
Another key benefit of silicon is its ability to improve a plant's resistance to diseases and pests. The presence of silicon in the plant tissues acts as a natural barrier, making it harder for pathogens to invade. In terms of soil content, silicon is abundant, with an average of around 32% in most soils. However, the amount of soluble and available silicon is usually low, making it difficult for plants to absorb directly from the soil. Soils that are highly acidic or sandy tend to have even lower levels of effective silicon. Some crops, such as rice, require significantly higher amounts of silicon compared to other nutrients. In fact, rice can absorb about twice as much silicon as it does nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium combined. Therefore, applying silicon fertilizer in silicon-deficient areas can lead to significant increases in yield—often by 10% or more.
When it comes to the application methods of silicon fertilizer, it is typically alkaline in nature, which makes it particularly useful in acidic soils. When applied, it helps neutralize soil acidity, reducing the harmful effects of aluminum ions and improving phosphorus availability for the plants. This not only enhances nutrient uptake but also improves overall soil fertility. It is recommended to apply silicon fertilizer as a base fertilizer during soil preparation. If the effective silicon level in the soil is below 90 mg/kg, a standard application rate is around 20 kg per mu (approximately 667 square meters). For specific types like silicon-calcium or silicon-manganese fertilizers, the recommended rate is usually around 100 kg per mu. Combining silicon fertilizer with nitrogen-based fertilizers can further enhance its effectiveness, ensuring better nutrient balance and improved crop performance.
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