The cultivation and cultivation techniques of snake bean

Snake melon can be cultivated in Daejeon and is suitable for intercropping with spring greenhouse tomatoes or for sporadic planting along the front and back of trellises. Due to its long harvesting period, it typically requires just one growing season. In Yangshuo, snake melon is usually planted between March and April in spring, and again from late April to May. Harvesting takes place from June to October. For early harvests, seedling transplanting is recommended over direct sowing in open fields. Before sowing, the thick seed coat should be dried for 1–2 days. Then, soak the seeds in hot water at 55°C for 3 minutes, stirring constantly until the water cools. After that, soak the seeds in clean water for 2–3 days, scrubbing off any mucus during this time. Once the seeds are slightly softened, wrap them in a moist cloth and place them in a 30°C incubator for germination, or plant them directly. The nursery soil should consist of 5 parts garden soil, 2 parts peat, and 3 parts well-decomposed organic fertilizer. If peat is unavailable, waste mushroom compost or fertile garden soil can be used as an alternative. After preparing the bed, water it thoroughly. Place one seed per square foot and cover with 1 cm of fine soil. Cover the seedbed with plastic film for insulation and moisture retention. Maintain temperatures between 25–30°C before emergence, then reduce to 25–30°C during the day and 16–18°C at night after the seedlings appear. Replace the film if necessary to ensure proper light and temperature control. Remove the cover once two true leaves have developed. Seedlings can be transplanted when they have three leaves and one heart. Direct seeding is also possible in late April or early May. Before planting, prepare the field by applying sufficient base fertilizer. Mix 3,000 kg of fermented livestock manure, 75 kg of superphosphate, and 20 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. For scattered planting, dig large holes, add base fertilizer, and plant at intervals of 80–200 cm between rows and 50–80 cm between plants, resulting in 600–1,000 plants per acre, depending on soil fertility. Water adequately after planting. Field management includes timely watering and fertilizing. Apply a small amount of compost or diluted cake fertilizer after seedlings establish to promote growth. After the first fruit set, use 25–30 kg of compound fertilizer per acre, followed by watering. Adjust fertilization based on plant growth. Keep the soil consistently moist during fruit development, especially during hot and dry periods. Regular weeding and deep cultivation between rows help maintain soil health and drainage. Remove weeds, clear ditches, and cultivate the soil to prevent root exposure. When planting on a trellis, guide the vines to grow vertically using a "human" frame or a 2-meter-high shed to improve yield and fruit shape. Sporadic planting benefits from flat structures, and artificial pollination can increase fruit set. When vines begin to spread, allow them to climb but remove lower vines under 1 meter. The main vine should not take up the central growth point; side vines can bear 1–2 fruits, followed by 3–4 leaves before pinching. Tie vines carefully to ensure even leaf distribution, allowing fruits to hang naturally. Trim excess side vines for better air circulation. Pest control is generally minimal, but occasional infestations of leaf miners or aphids can be managed with 40% omethoate (1,000 times dilution) or 2.5% emamectin benzoate (3,000 times dilution). Spraying should be timed to avoid interference with harvesting. Harvesting focuses on tender fruits, starting about 30 days after planting. Fruits reach market maturity within 10 days of flowering, showing a milky white, light green, and glossy skin. Harvest every 1–2 days, yielding around 4,000–5,000 kg per mu, with up to 40–60 fruits per plant. For seed preservation, leave some fruits to mature fully. After pollination, female flowers will develop into orange-red fruits after about 30 days. Once ripe, remove the seeds, wash, and dry them for future planting.

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