Sweet pepper science fertilization help increase production
The growth period of sweet pepper is long, the roots are underdeveloped, the amount of roots is small, the soil is shallow, and it is not drought tolerant. It needs more fertilizer than tomato and eggplant, and it has strong fertilizer-resistance. The requirement of fertilizer for sweet pepper was the highest amount of potassium, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus. The sweet pepper is a type of high nitrogen, medium and high potassium in vegetables, and the total amount of fertilizer required is more. Therefore, we must pay attention to the full supply of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in production so as to increase the leaf area and improve the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves. In this way, the vegetative growth can be coordinated with the reproductive growth, which will neither form the "old seedlings" caused by stagnation of the vegetative growth nor the "madness" of the stems and leaves. When harvesting tender fruits, it is appropriate to increase the level of potassium nutrition so that the proportion of nitrogen and potassium is equal to 1 or slightly greater than 1, which is of great significance for improving the quality of fruits, including commodity quality and nutritional quality.
In addition, the calcium nutrition of sweet pepper should not be ignored, once the calcium deficiency is easy to make the fruit umbilical rot, resulting in greatly reduced fruit quality. Fertilization tips:
(1) Nursery fertilizer is selected from garden soil with high organic matter content and good granule structure. 150-200 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer (treated with jinbao starter) and 2-3 kilograms of superphosphate are applied per 10 square meters of seedbed. Mix well with bed soil. If the seedlings grow slowly, the leaves are narrow, the stems are thin, and the leaves are yellow, the application of ammonium sulphate or NPK fertilizer 1.0 kg, or 2-3 foliar sprays may be applied 15-20 days before planting. 0.5% urea and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
(2) Basal fat on the origin of the sweet pepper is a tropical region, long-term growth in a warm and humid climate, loose soil fertility environment. With the main root is underdeveloped, the root distribution is shallow, and the aerobic nature needs the characteristics of large amount of fertilizer. Therefore, the application amount of basal fertilizer is very important for high-yield cultivation of sweet pepper. Mu Shi quality organic fertilizer should reach 5000-7000 kg. Base fertilizer can be used pig manure, human waste, chicken manure and soil miscellaneous fertilizer. However, no matter what fertilizer, it must be fully decomposed, it is best to use goldfish fermentation agent treatment, while paying attention to the application of phosphorus and potassium. The superphosphate is mixed with 35 to 50 kilograms per acre for organic fertilizers, and 35-30 kg of potassium sulfate can also be added. The application method of basal fertilizer is: 60% base fertilizer is applied before soil preparation, and the remaining 40% will be applied after the planting. The combination of applicator and ditch application can avoid the phenomenon of burning seedlings concentrated in fertilizers, which is beneficial to the development of seedlings.
(3) Top dressing usually requires 3 top dressings. The first topdressing is carried out after easing the seedlings. Ditch the topdressing near the plants, apply the high-quality organic fertilizer to the ditch, and then cover the soil. At this time, control the watering appropriately so as to promote seedlings and promote the development of the root system; During the period, before the harvest of the first layer of fruit (Jian pepper), the second layer of fruit (for peppers) and the third layer of fruit (four-door doublings) continue to expand, and the fourth layer of fruit is for growing fruits, it is required for fertilizer. The peak period. At this time, topdressing nitrogenous fertilizer and appropriate amount of potash fertilizer should be applied, urea 10-13 kg or ammonium sulfate 23-28 kg, and potassium sulfate 12-15 kg; the third topdressing should be carried out in the middle and late stages of harvesting, and should be followed every 8 to 10 days. Apply 1 human excrement (or livestock waste water), or appropriate amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, the amount should be determined according to the growth of the plant at the time, and pay attention to the combination of irrigation.
(4) Biological Fertilizer Application Biological bacterial fertilizer not only contains a large amount of nitrogen-fixing, phosphate-solubilizing, and potassium-releasing active bacteria, but also contains organic matter, humic acid, and trace elements. Any fertilizer needed for sweet peppers can be used in combination with other fertilizers, which can not only save the amount of fertilizer used, but also solve soil compaction, increase soil microbial content and other issues.
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