Summer fast-growing vegetables
In the hot season, the climate is extremely warm, making vegetable cultivation challenging. However, with proactive management and scientific approaches, it's possible to achieve higher yields and better profits even in tough conditions.
**I. Focus on Fast-Growing Leafy Vegetables**
1. **Cabbage**: Before planting, apply 1000 kg of well-rotted manure per mu and prepare the soil thoroughly. Sow Chinese cabbage every 7–10 days to ensure a continuous supply of seedlings. Once the seedlings are ready, transplant them under a small shade house to reduce heat stress and maintain moisture. Immediately after germination, spray dichlorvos at 1500 times dilution to control aphids. For cutworms, use chlorpyrifos at 1500–2000 times dilution. To prevent diseases like soft rot, apply carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl. If necessary, use agricultural streptomyces (2000x) or root rot spirit (800x) for treatment. Apply diluted manure mixed with ammonium bicarbonate or urea every 7 days. After about 20 days, the cabbages can be harvested, yielding between 1000 to 1250 kg per mu.
2. **Summer Cabbage**: Plant summer cabbage from May to August using heat-resistant varieties like Xiayang or Xiafeng. Prepare the soil with 1500 kg of fermented organic fertilizer and 30 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. Use deep furrow planting and plant around 4500 seedlings per mu. Ensure timely fertilization and pest control. Harvest within 45–60 days, with an average yield of 2000–2500 kg per mu.
**II. Implement Rational Intercropping**
1. **Spring Corn Interplanted with Summer and Autumn Celery**: In early July, apply 1000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 30 kg of compound fertilizer between corn rows. Prepare the soil, soak celery seeds for 24 hours, and sow them in holes. Once the seeds germinate, cover them with a thin layer of soil. After harvesting corn in early August, apply additional fertilizer. Use mancozeb, chlorothalonil, or carbendazim to prevent diseases such as leaf spot and anthracnose.
2. **Cucumber or Tomato Intercropped with Cowpea or Kidney Bean**: During the late growth stage of spring cucumber or tomato, plant 2–3 cowpea or kidney bean seeds near the base of each plant. When the vines grow, trim the main crop and perform weeding. Fertilize as needed. Spray dichlorvos in the evening to control soybean aphids. Harvest the beans approximately 45 days after sowing, with yields ranging from 1000 to 1500 kg per mu.
**III. Strengthen Field Management and Extend Harvest Period**
1. **Trench Cleaning**: Maintain a good drainage system by clearing ditches and removing weeds to prevent flooding and waterlogging.
2. **Appropriate Top-Dressing**: For solanaceous crops and melons, apply fertilizers according to plant growth stages. Foliar sprays like Huimanfeng, Plant Power, or potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea can help prevent premature aging.
3. **Timely Disease and Pest Control**: For fungal diseases in solanaceous crops and melons, use chlorothalonil, thiophanate-methyl, or phytoalexine. For viral diseases, apply virus A + Bacteria Clear or Small Leaf Enemy + Natural Brassin. For pests like tobacco worms, moths, and beetles, use chrysanthemum ester, cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, or dichlorvos for effective control.
By following these practices, farmers can maximize their output and ensure sustainable production even during the hottest months.
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