How to use a seed drill to sow
(1) Technical Inspection
Before the planter is used in the field, it's essential to conduct a thorough check of all components. Ensure that no parts are bent or damaged, fasteners are secure, and moving parts such as the transmission, cultivation tools, and adjustment mechanisms operate smoothly. Additionally, inspect the double disk opener and its lifting mechanism for any signs of deformation or wear. This step helps prevent malfunctions during operation and ensures safe and efficient planting.
(2) Adjustments for Spacing, Seeding Rate, and Marking
The row spacing should be set according to agricultural specifications. To determine how many openers can be installed, use the formula: n = L_effective / b + 1, where L_effective is the effective length of the opener mounting beam and b is the desired row spacing. If the calculated number of openers is odd, place the middle opener in the center of the frame. For even numbers, arrange them symmetrically around the center.
When the transmission ratio is fixed, the seeding rate can be adjusted by changing the working length of the seed metering wheel using the adjustment handle. A longer groove wheel immersion in the seed box increases the seeding volume, while a shorter one decreases it. To calculate the actual seeding rate q, use the following formula: q = (Seed sowing volume in kg/acre × Seed wheel diameter in meters × Number of wheel rotations × Row spacing in meters × (1 + ground wheel slip coefficient)) / 666.7. This gives the actual seeding rate per acre.
For marking, the marker length L (distance from the farthest opener to the marking line) should be calculated to ensure proper alignment. For a standard tractor, L = (B + b)/2, where B is the broadcast width and b is the row spacing. If the tractor is offset, adjust the left and right marker lengths accordingly: L_left = (B + b)/2 + A/2 and L_right = (B + b)/2 - A/2, where A is the front wheel center distance.
(3) Field Trial
Before starting full-scale planting, conduct a trial run in the field to test and fine-tune the seeding rate, depth, soil coverage, and row spacing. Make sure everything meets the required standards before beginning the official sowing process.
First, calculate the total amount of seeds needed for a round trip: Q = (2 × Sowing volume in kg × Broadcast width in meters × Sowing length in meters) / 666.7. Then fill the seed box with the calculated amount, mark the level, and perform a test broadcast. After completing one round trip, check if the seed level matches the mark. If not, adjust the handle and repeat until the correct seeding rate is achieved.
(4) Quality Check of Seeding
Inspect each metering device using a groove template to ensure consistent performance. Randomly select more than 10 points along the diagonal of the plot to measure the seeding depth. The deviation should not exceed ±1 cm. Calculate the number of seeds planted per meter using the formula: m = (Mu sowing volume in kg/mu × Row spacing in meters × 10^6) / (666.7 × thousand grains in grams). Finally, after completing the planting area, verify the total sown area, actual seeding rate, and seeding density per mu, and make adjustments if necessary.
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