Transplanting Film Cultivation Techniques of Spring Corn

Transplanting mulching film of spring corn is a method of raising the seedlings of film sheds and covering them with plastic film. It is a new technology system for the early emergence of spring maize strong seedlings, which is formed by combining the two major climate disasters of maize seedlings in the early stage of freezing damage and waterlogging, overcoming the low seedling emergence rate of single film cultivation and early seeding, and not easy to grow seedlings. So that the basic sowing of corn is not affected by weather conditions, fighting for early seedlings, seedlings and strong seedlings. Further improve the ecological conditions of spring corn, promote corn growth and development along the normal track, so as to obtain high yield. In Xiangshui County, 30,000 mu of spring corn was transplanted and mulched for cultivation, with an average yield of 642 kilograms, an increase of 9.8% over the single cover mulching cultivation. This method is also an effective way to achieve multi-cooking based on corn.

1. Selection of good hybrids according to the local temperature accumulated film temperature and total temperature reached 2650 °C ~ 2800 °C, transplanting film cultivation, the choice of late-maturing corn hybrids. High-yield practice has proven that Dandan 13 and Dandan 12 are the ideal varieties for achieving super-high yield in the region. The implementation of corn double-season cultivation or single film covering cultivation, medium-mature corn hybrids Dandan 22, Xiyu 3 and Suyu 9 should be selected. These mid-late and late-maturing varieties have a compact plant type and good light transmission; they have thick stalks and strong lodging resistance; they have large spikes and numerous grains, high productivity per plant, and great potential for yield increase; and moderate growth stages, and they are transplanted and cultivated in plastic film, generally in mid-July. Before and after maturation, it has little effect on post-harvest corn.

2. Timely double-film seedlings On the basis of the original single-mesh shelving, a layer of plastic film was placed on the bed surface. The double-film seedlings have a significant increase in temperature, which is 2 °C ~ 3 °C higher than that of the single membrane. It can speed up the rate of soil water circulation in the seedbed and promote even water absorption of the seed to achieve a neat and vigorous emergence. To cultivate early seedlings, plant transplants in due course, and give full play to the advantages of early-onset early-onset seedlings.

1 fertilization seedbed: the implementation of fertilizer bed nursery, rape seedbed selected, dry nursery pond for spring corn nursery seedbed. In addition, the ratio of seedbed to Daejeon is 1:20. The ratio of seedbed to Daejeon area is 1:20; the size of axillary louse is 7 cm or more. The ratio of seedbed to Daejeon area is 1:10 to 15. It is necessary to plough the bed soil in early spring so that it is fully exposed to the sun and promote the activation of bed soil. Before weeding, weeds are removed from the seedbeds to improve the quality and efficiency of our production. Spring corn seedbeds should be rich in nutrients, which requires firstly improving the soil of the boring bed, secondly supplying multi-nutritive ingredients in time, and thirdly, formulating nutritional soil scientifically. According to the production practice, a standard bed with a width of 1.5 meters and a length of 4.5 meters is prepared before the Spring Festival. 300 kg to 400 kg of human and animal dung, 3 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 1.5 kg to 2 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, and 0.5 kg of potassium fertilizer are used to make nutritious soil. Then add Huimanfeng 150 ml, blend evenly, increase seedbed nutrition, enhance the resistance of seedlings, improve the quality of corn seedlings.

2 Number of feet for making a foot: Bed soil, fertilizer and Huimanfeng are well-mixed and uniform. After water is added, there are 4800 to 5000 acre per mu. Ensure that enough effective plants are transplanted.

3 timely sowing: Nursery seeding suitable period for March 15 to 20 days, seedling 15 days to 20 days, leaf age 2.5 to 3.5 leaves when transplanted in early April to the field mulch.

4 Cultivate strong seedlings: Carefully nurse seedlings and cultivate strong seedlings. Seedlings poured soles of water, each seeding sowing large seeds 1 to 2 tablets, covering the wet fine soil 1.5 cm to 2 cm. Tile mulch, then arch shed film, surrounded by tight, heat preservation and promote growth. After the seedlings were lifted, the mulching film was removed. Flexible water supply, timely watering when the bed is white. At high temperature noon ventilation and cooling. 1 leaf 1 heart gradually uncovered greenhouse film seedlings, usually about 3 days. One day before planting, the shoots were sprayed with vitality water to increase the corn resistance and cultivate strong and resistant early strong seedlings.

3. Timely Transplantation The temperature in this region is stable at 12°C, and around April 5, corn seedlings can be transplanted from the bed when they have 2 hearts and 1 heart. Transplanting should be timely, the survival rate is high, prevent transplanting too late, affect the quality of corn seedlings and seedlings after transplanting, in order to ensure that mulching corn can fully utilize local heat resources.

4. 10 days before the transplanting of the basal maize seedlings, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied. The mulching corn consumes a large amount of land and it is necessary to increase the organic fertilizer and balance the use of chemical fertilizers. According to the characteristics of the local soil, usually one mu of corn needs to be applied to 2,000 to 44,000 kilograms of manure, 20 to 25 kilograms of pure nitrogen, 10 to 15 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide, 15 kilograms of potassium oxide, and 1 kilogram to 1.5 kilograms of zinc sulfate. The mulching corn is difficult to top-dressing, and it grows quickly in the early stage, requiring a large amount of fertilizer, and the proportion of basal fertilizer should be increased. 50% of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium, zinc fertilizer all as base fertilizer. When finishing the bed surface, apply evenly under the film. Before the film is covered, we use 40% atrazine gel suspension 150 grams per mu, add 72% Dole EC 100 ml to 150 ml, and evenly spray 50 kg of water to the surface, which can effectively suppress the growth of the entire corn field. grass.

5. The number of maize hybrids used in production prior to the planting of a sufficient number of plants was one plant per panicle, and one plant per panicle was less, which directly affected the yield increase. Generally, about 4,500 strains of high-yield fields are planted, and 5000 to 5500 strains are planted in super-high-yield fields. Take large and small rows, 80 cm in large rows and 40 cm in small rows. Plant spacing is planted according to high yield. Open a hole on the mulch with a masher, then transplant the vegetative seedlings into the cavities. To bring fertilizer with water to transplant, so that the nutrition seedlings and soil close, and cover the film mouth, so that live after planting, rapid growth.

6. Timely fertilizer application of joint extraction fertilizer, corn 6 leaves when the topdressing joint fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer accounted for 15% of the total nitrogen fertilizer. Heavy panicle fertilizer was developed in 10 leaves to 11 leaves of corn, and 35% of the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer was used in the fertilization of the mussels, which promoted the differentiation of florets in the ear and the formation of grain, and poured sufficient water to meet the needs of corn growth for fertilizer and water. So that the ear and grain re-synchronized growth.

7. Prevention and control of pests and diseases When transplanting mulching corn, due to the change of soil environmental conditions, underground pest activity is early, and the hazard is heavy, so it should be prevented and treated in time. When transplanting, it is necessary to bring the medicine Shimoda. Mu with 3% carbofuran granules with fine soil 15 kg, applied under the mulch before planting. Or use 50% methamidophos EC 500 times solution to prepare the bait and sprinkle it on the uncovered ground. Corn big bell period, with carbofuran granules 4 kilograms ~ 5 kilograms of fine sand 5 kilograms ~ 10 kilograms made of apothecary heart, sprinkled in the heart leaves. Or use 90% trichlorfon 1500-2000 times to irrigate the leaves, 100 kilograms per kilogram of liquid corn. Prevent corn borer. Before and after corn tasseling, mu 50% Jinggangmycin 100 grams to 150 grams, watered 50 kilograms of spraying stems and leaves, control sheath blight and size spot.

8. After the planting of trench-type corn was started, the trenches in the field were dug in time to ensure that the trenches in the field were unblocked, and irrigation could be performed. There was no accumulation of water in the fields with a daily rainfall of 200 mm. The standards of the ditch system should be high, increase the density of the ditch in the field, reduce groundwater, eliminate surface water, and prevent waterlogging. When drought occurs, timely irrigation, prevent drought, and promote the healthy growth of corn.

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