Raising the fast and long speed fertilizer technology of ducks in winter
1. Selection of suitable breeds The duck breeds suitable for winter raising include Cherry Valley Duck, Kangbei Duck, Beijing Duck, Gaoyou Duck, Degao Duck, Shanghai White Duck, etc. These varieties have strong cold resistance, rapid growth and development, and good fattening performance. The slaughter rate is high.
2. Cultivating young chicks (1) Choosing young chicks should be selected for winter raising. The standard of a young chick is: Great eyes, lively spirits, well-balanced posture, clean and shiny fluff, soft and elastic abdomen, navel covering the navel, good healing of the umbilicus, thick legs, large mouth, and body defects; Struggling, powerful, loud, crisp, hand film duck feet have a warm sense; after cloacal cloacal contraction force, cloacal clean, slightly moist.
(2) Incubation The ducklings are kept at a temperature of 27 to 30°C within 7 days after being hatched. After 7 days, they can be reduced by 1 to 2°C per day. After 15 days, they are maintained at about 15°C. After 20 days, they can be raised at room temperature. If the temperature is low during the early brooding period, dry grass can be cut in a thick pad in the basket (box) to make a flat bottom. Put 10 to 20 ducklings per basket (box) and cover the insulation (note the breathability).
(3) Open the ducklings and eat them 20 to 24 hours after hatching. Drink water first and feed at a temperature of about 20°C. Drinking water for the first time should add 0.04% potassium permanganate to the water to promote meconium excretion and facilitate the absorption of residual yolk in the body. It is best to start eating half-cooked rice, and you can also use steamed corn grits or ducklings to fully match the pellets. When the food is eaten, evenly spread the feed on plain paper, mat or film, and feed it once every 1.5 to 2 hours. It is advisable to feed the ducklings with 80% satiation.
(4) The number of drinking water and feed feeding drinks, 5 to 6 times per week at 1 week old, 4 to 5 times per day at 2 weeks old, and 3 to 4 times per day at 3 weeks old, should be even at each interval. After 3 weeks, the ducklings were allowed to drink water and feed freely. The full-price ducklings were used as much as possible with pellets. If no granules, can be self-dosing, reference formula (%): corn 45, broken rice 10, wheat 5, wheat bran 5, fried soybeans 17, rapeseed cake 7, cocoon 7, shell powder 2.7, bone meal 1, salt 0.3 . Feeding the full-price compound feed at the same time can be fed with green and tender feed. Young ducklings feeding 4 to 10 days of age can account for about 20% of the diet, and after 10 days of age, they account for 30% to 40% of the diet. Single feed, mixed feed can be.
(5) After the ducklings are released, 2 to 5 days after hatching, the ducklings can be filled with leaky screens. Every day, the water depth of 2 to 3 cm is used for 5 to 7 minutes. After 5 days, the water is added to the water 2 to 3 times a day. 10 to 20 minutes; 7 days after each feed can be placed in shallow water of 8 to 10 cm deep; after 15 days the water depth can be increased to 15 to 20 cm.
3. Breeding of young chicks (1) The rearing and breeding are suitable for white feather varieties such as Cherry Valley Duck, Beijing Duck and Di Gao Duck. The sheds can be built beside the pond or river bay, or they can be built in the courtyard. Houses are made of bamboo (wood) strips (stalks) with 60 cm square ducklings, 5 square meters each, and 20 to 30 ducks. In the column on the sidewalk side, a trough and a sink (drinker) are installed. Formulation formula for compound feed (%): corn 62, wheat bran 15, fried pea 6, fish meal 7, rapeseed cake 7, bone meal 2.8, salt 0.2, and available commercial materials. Feed 4 times a day, feed water while feeding, and try to eat as much as possible. At the same time to add green material, the ratio of green material and compound feed is 1 to 1.5:1. In addition, the bathing of the young chicks should be strengthened in the house feeding.
(2) Grazing Breeding applies to Gaoyou Duck, Jianchang Duck and other breeds. The ducks were rushed to winter farmland, ponds, river bays, etc., and grazing was performed once a day in the afternoon and afternoon, and before 11 o'clock in the morning and after 16 o'clock in the afternoon. Every time the grazing returns, full-price compound feed should be supplemented according to the feeding conditions.
4. In the short-term fattening, the ducklings are suitable for fattening 45 to 60 days. High-energy, low-protein self-ingredients or commodity ingredients should be used during fattening. Formulations for Self-Ingredients (%): Earlier, corn 35, flour 26.5, rice bran 30, fried soybean 5, shell powder 2, bone meal 1, salt 0.5; later, corn 35, flour 30, rice bran 25, sorghum 6.5, shell powder 2 , bone meal 1, salt 0.5. The fattening methods are:
(1) Self-feeding, fattening, feeding 4 times a day, feeding ducks into the water after bathing, feeding 1 night food, feeding water while feeding. Management attention should be paid to the darkness of duck housing, so that the ducks are less active and have more rest. The activities of the duck should be clean, avoid moisture.
(2) Filling the fattening will be mixed with water and transferred into a dry paste shape, hand-rolled into a round bar about 3 cm in diameter and 5 cm long, fill the duck with a round bar, and fill it 3 times a day. 1 to 3 days, each feeding 3 to 4 round bars; 4 to 8 days, each time feeding 4 to 6 roots; 8 days after each feeding 6 to 8 roots, filled with enough water, fill the water. The fattening period is generally 10 to 15 days.
5. Epidemic prevention Prevention of duck plague, can be used duck maggot attenuated vaccine, in the meat duck raised to 20 days, each intramuscular injection of 1 ml; to prevent duck cholera, available bird flu cholera seedlings, raised in the meat duck to 30 to 40 days per Only 2 ml of intramuscular injection. Usually available sulfamethazine or sulfathiazole, according to the proportion of 0.5% to 1% of feed and fed 3 to 5 days, stop feeding for 10 days; 0.01% to 0.02% potassium permanganate drinking water can also be used for epidemic prevention.
2. Cultivating young chicks (1) Choosing young chicks should be selected for winter raising. The standard of a young chick is: Great eyes, lively spirits, well-balanced posture, clean and shiny fluff, soft and elastic abdomen, navel covering the navel, good healing of the umbilicus, thick legs, large mouth, and body defects; Struggling, powerful, loud, crisp, hand film duck feet have a warm sense; after cloacal cloacal contraction force, cloacal clean, slightly moist.
(2) Incubation The ducklings are kept at a temperature of 27 to 30°C within 7 days after being hatched. After 7 days, they can be reduced by 1 to 2°C per day. After 15 days, they are maintained at about 15°C. After 20 days, they can be raised at room temperature. If the temperature is low during the early brooding period, dry grass can be cut in a thick pad in the basket (box) to make a flat bottom. Put 10 to 20 ducklings per basket (box) and cover the insulation (note the breathability).
(3) Open the ducklings and eat them 20 to 24 hours after hatching. Drink water first and feed at a temperature of about 20°C. Drinking water for the first time should add 0.04% potassium permanganate to the water to promote meconium excretion and facilitate the absorption of residual yolk in the body. It is best to start eating half-cooked rice, and you can also use steamed corn grits or ducklings to fully match the pellets. When the food is eaten, evenly spread the feed on plain paper, mat or film, and feed it once every 1.5 to 2 hours. It is advisable to feed the ducklings with 80% satiation.
(4) The number of drinking water and feed feeding drinks, 5 to 6 times per week at 1 week old, 4 to 5 times per day at 2 weeks old, and 3 to 4 times per day at 3 weeks old, should be even at each interval. After 3 weeks, the ducklings were allowed to drink water and feed freely. The full-price ducklings were used as much as possible with pellets. If no granules, can be self-dosing, reference formula (%): corn 45, broken rice 10, wheat 5, wheat bran 5, fried soybeans 17, rapeseed cake 7, cocoon 7, shell powder 2.7, bone meal 1, salt 0.3 . Feeding the full-price compound feed at the same time can be fed with green and tender feed. Young ducklings feeding 4 to 10 days of age can account for about 20% of the diet, and after 10 days of age, they account for 30% to 40% of the diet. Single feed, mixed feed can be.
(5) After the ducklings are released, 2 to 5 days after hatching, the ducklings can be filled with leaky screens. Every day, the water depth of 2 to 3 cm is used for 5 to 7 minutes. After 5 days, the water is added to the water 2 to 3 times a day. 10 to 20 minutes; 7 days after each feed can be placed in shallow water of 8 to 10 cm deep; after 15 days the water depth can be increased to 15 to 20 cm.
3. Breeding of young chicks (1) The rearing and breeding are suitable for white feather varieties such as Cherry Valley Duck, Beijing Duck and Di Gao Duck. The sheds can be built beside the pond or river bay, or they can be built in the courtyard. Houses are made of bamboo (wood) strips (stalks) with 60 cm square ducklings, 5 square meters each, and 20 to 30 ducks. In the column on the sidewalk side, a trough and a sink (drinker) are installed. Formulation formula for compound feed (%): corn 62, wheat bran 15, fried pea 6, fish meal 7, rapeseed cake 7, bone meal 2.8, salt 0.2, and available commercial materials. Feed 4 times a day, feed water while feeding, and try to eat as much as possible. At the same time to add green material, the ratio of green material and compound feed is 1 to 1.5:1. In addition, the bathing of the young chicks should be strengthened in the house feeding.
(2) Grazing Breeding applies to Gaoyou Duck, Jianchang Duck and other breeds. The ducks were rushed to winter farmland, ponds, river bays, etc., and grazing was performed once a day in the afternoon and afternoon, and before 11 o'clock in the morning and after 16 o'clock in the afternoon. Every time the grazing returns, full-price compound feed should be supplemented according to the feeding conditions.
4. In the short-term fattening, the ducklings are suitable for fattening 45 to 60 days. High-energy, low-protein self-ingredients or commodity ingredients should be used during fattening. Formulations for Self-Ingredients (%): Earlier, corn 35, flour 26.5, rice bran 30, fried soybean 5, shell powder 2, bone meal 1, salt 0.5; later, corn 35, flour 30, rice bran 25, sorghum 6.5, shell powder 2 , bone meal 1, salt 0.5. The fattening methods are:
(1) Self-feeding, fattening, feeding 4 times a day, feeding ducks into the water after bathing, feeding 1 night food, feeding water while feeding. Management attention should be paid to the darkness of duck housing, so that the ducks are less active and have more rest. The activities of the duck should be clean, avoid moisture.
(2) Filling the fattening will be mixed with water and transferred into a dry paste shape, hand-rolled into a round bar about 3 cm in diameter and 5 cm long, fill the duck with a round bar, and fill it 3 times a day. 1 to 3 days, each feeding 3 to 4 round bars; 4 to 8 days, each time feeding 4 to 6 roots; 8 days after each feeding 6 to 8 roots, filled with enough water, fill the water. The fattening period is generally 10 to 15 days.
5. Epidemic prevention Prevention of duck plague, can be used duck maggot attenuated vaccine, in the meat duck raised to 20 days, each intramuscular injection of 1 ml; to prevent duck cholera, available bird flu cholera seedlings, raised in the meat duck to 30 to 40 days per Only 2 ml of intramuscular injection. Usually available sulfamethazine or sulfathiazole, according to the proportion of 0.5% to 1% of feed and fed 3 to 5 days, stop feeding for 10 days; 0.01% to 0.02% potassium permanganate drinking water can also be used for epidemic prevention.
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