Strengthen the management of wheat under the condition of lyricism
First, the current wheat crops and seedlings
The temperature of winter wheat in our province has been higher than normal in winter since it was sown, with little rain and snow, and the climate is dry. The soil moisture content of each field block varies greatly. Take Wuqiao County as an example: From 1 October 2014 to 2 March 2015, the precipitation totaled 42.9 millimeters, which was 39.3 millimeters less than the corresponding period of the normal year, which was equivalent to 26.2 cubic meters of water per acre, which was rare in the past 10 years. In winter, the temperature is high and windy, and the surface soil moisture is greater than the annual evaporation. The water content of 20 cm of soil in the surface layer of the wheat field without pouring water or wintering water is very low, and part of the wheat field above ground is completely dry. If such wheat fields are not watered in time, serious production loss will result.
From the standpoint of seedling quality, the quality of sowing wheat in the province in 2014 was generally good. Most of the wheat fields were well repressed after sowing. The basic seedlings were all in the normal range, and the varieties with strong cold resistance such as Jimai 22, Shimai 18, etc. were poured. The wheat fields that had been drowned or overwintered all covered the winter with green leaves, and those with weaker frost resistance had only frozen leaves. However, the tillering festival had not suffered freezing injury, which laid a good foundation for the harvest of high yields for wheat management in spring.
Second, the current wheat field problems
1. Since the return of wheat to the Qing dynasty, the temperature is high, the wind is high, and cracks occur on the surface of wheat fields that flow over winter water or irrigation in early spring, causing running quagmire, easily producing old seedlings and affecting yield.
2. Weeds such as sowing wormwood, leeks, etc., affect the normal growth of wheat and reduce yield.
3. The wheat fields that were watered before and after returning to the green period, because the soil moisture in the cultivating layer is too high, and the soil permeability is poor, if it is not planned in time, it will cause cracking phenomenon. The low ground temperature will cause root rot and sheath blight. Such hazards make the wheat seedling grow slowly and eventually affect the yield.
4. The soil in the wheat field that has been drowning at the end of drowning or overwintering water has good soil moisture. If the “spring and water†is poured too early, it will cause large area lodging and seriously affect the yield.
Third, wheat management focus
1. Pouring the key "Spring Water". Wheat fields with good soil moisture during the period from turning green to jointing, 20-25 kg of basal ammonium phosphate per mus, 10-15 kg of high-quality potassium sulfate, and 10-15 kg of urea (or NPK higher than 15-15- 15 kg of compound fertilizer per acre and 10 kg of urea. There will be no shortage of fertilizer in this period. The spring tube focuses on strictly controlling the first watering period in spring. If the watering is applied too early and applies early urea, the wheat will grow too luxuriantly during jointing to booting, and there will be insufficient filling between the first and second sections at the bottom, and the internodes will be weak. However, the upper leaves are too large to be covered, which is not conducive to the ventilation and light transmission in the later period, and does not form a group structure with high light efficiency. It is also vulnerable to aphids and diseases. In addition, early irrigation may severely reduce the temperature of the soil, making it easy to obtain root rot and sheath blight. According to the principle of “Four Unity†cultivation techniques, which is based on the simplification of high-yield wheat and water-saving agriculture, it is recommended that the population grow moderately normal wheat. Spring and water should be postponed until April 10-15. Sandy soils with poor water retention can be appropriate as early as possible. Pour a few days), urea Shi 10-15 kg can be. For wheat fields that are too large and late sowing in spring and sow or sow in late winter (from October 20 to November last year), spring and water should be postponed until about April 20, and urea should not be applied excessively. It can be 10-15 kilograms.
2. To early addition. In the wheat returning stage to the jointing period (March 5 to April 10), the wheat seedlings are smaller, the side effects of the herbicides on the wheat seedlings are also small, and the medicaments are easily sprayed. At this time, the weeds are also small, which is favorable for prevention and control. It is best to choose the windless warm afternoon for chemical weeding.
3. For the land surface compacted land, it should be carried out during the return period to the beginning period.
4. Pay special attention to the prevention of root rot and sheath blight when wheat enters the jointing stage. Spray it evenly every 15 kilograms of water (about one sprayer water) plus 60% carbendazim powder 100 grams. , spray 2-3 times, during the booting period, special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of aphids and diseases. After the winter wheat enters the heading and flowering stage, the management should focus on the prevention and control of pests and diseases, one spray and three defenses (control wheat aphid, midge, prevent powdery mildew, head blight, etc., prevent dry hot wind), use acetophos 50 ml per 15 kg water. + acetamiprid 30 ml + Triadimefon (triadimefon) powder 75 g or 75 ml of liquid mixture, even spray 2-3 times.
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