Several measures to improve the survival rate of fruit trees in spring

1, timely planting. Planting in the spring should be carried out after the soil is thawed and before sprouting, and planting too early or late is not conducive to the survival of seedlings. Due to different tree species characteristics, planting time should be different, peach, apricot, plum, etc. should be early, red dates, etc. should be late, generally planted immediately after soil freezing is appropriate.

2, choose high quality nursery stock. The quality of nursery stock is one of the important factors affecting the survival rate of colonization. As far as possible, nursery stocks with high technical specifications should be selected such as disease-free pests, robust growth, developed root systems, and short internodes. Before planting, we must carefully select the seedlings, remove the unqualified weak seedlings, leggy seedlings, wounded seedlings, etc. and carry out seedling tree finishing.

3. Root processing: In conditional areas, the roots of the seedlings can be treated with water soaked for not less than 10 hours before planting. In addition, root repairs should be carried out before planting to cut off the dry, wounded, and pests, and the weak and weak roots. The mouth should be smooth to facilitate wound healing.

For tree species with poor planting or rooting difficulties, rooting powder (or acetic acid, etc.) or muddy roots can be treated before planting. It can effectively promote the rapid recovery of root growth, shorten the period of seedling sowing, and increase the survival rate.

4, the preparation of planting points. According to the plan, determine the row spacing, hole planting or planting. According to the "88323" technical standard for the preparation of planting points (ditches), if conditions permit, irrigation can be performed once before planting, so that "deep excavation and shallow planting" and sufficient organic fertilizer supply.

5, standardized planting. When planting, the roots of nursery stocks should be straightened and straightened, and the roots should be tightly integrated with the soil in accordance with the steps of “three burying and one stepping up and raising seedlings”. For seedlings with low grafting interfaces or using dwarfing anvils, the grafted interface should be exposed to the ground in case of reduced effectiveness or rot, pest damage.

6, covering the film. After planting, the surrounding pods were made into shallow pans with the center of planting seedlings as the center and covered with 80-100 square mulches. It can effectively increase the temperature of the soil, protect the drought, and promote the early bud growth.

7, timely watering. Immediately after the seedlings are planted, they are poured once. When the water seepage is covered with a layer of fine dry soil, moisture evaporation is prevented and soil moisture is maintained. In southern Xinjiang, the second irrigation after 7-10 days of colonization has a crucial role in the survival rate of seedlings.

8, set dry. According to the cultivation requirements, 3-5 full-filled buds are selected to be cut at a fixed height, shearing is required to be smooth, no clefts, and sealing agent or plastic wrap is used to prevent dehydration and drain. In areas with frequent high winds in the spring, supportive pillars should be established to prevent the tree from destabilizing.

9, post-plant management. According to the management principle of “previous promotion and post-control”, the newly planted seedlings should be timely irrigated according to the growth status of fruit trees and soil moisture, and timely topdressing. At the same time, attention should also be paid to the prevention and control of pests and diseases during the seedling period. As far as possible, create a good environmental condition for seedling growth.

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