Prevention of watermelon wilt in greenhouse
In recent years, the watermelon planting area in greenhouses in the northern part of Jiangsu Province has a large area and the occurrence of blight is serious. Last year, the incidence rate of watermelon wilt in Dongtai City was 40%, and the diseased plant rate was 10.12%, which was the most serious year. Watermelon contigs are planted, increasing the number of continuous plots, interplanting watermelons in cotton fields, and causing blight. From late April to early May, when there was rainy weather, peak incidence occurred and the disease became worse. In addition, large-scale watermelon cultivars such as the Jingxin series, Hongyu series, and Xiaolan series, which are susceptible to major diseases in large areas in the Dongtai region, have serious blight diseases. Fusarium wilt of watermelon is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp., which invades from the root of melon seedlings and occurs mainly in fruit setting period. At the early stage of disease, the leaves were wilting upward from the roots. They were evident at noon and recovered sooner or later; afterwards, the diseased leaves increased and the wilting shape was not recoverable; the bases of the stems were contracted and split longitudinally, and brown spots or amber gels appeared in some diseased parts. . The root of the diseased plant rots and the vascular bundle turns brown. When the air humidity is high, a pink mold layer appears on the diseased surface. The selection of disease-resistant varieties and selection of disease-resistant varieties are the most economical and effective measures for controlling watermelon wilt disease. Zhengkang No. 1, Zhengkang No. 2, Jingkang No. 2, Jingkang No. 3 and other watermelon cultivars had better disease resistance. Seed soil disinfection Watermelon wilt is a soil-borne disease, and disinfection of seeds and soil can control and delay disease occurrence. Seeds were soaked with 500% 50% carbendazim for 1 hour before sowing. Choose disease-free plots to grow seedlings, with medicine pouring water. After sowing, every 200 kg of nutritious soil is mixed with 50% carbendazim WP 1 kg and then spread into seedbed cover. In addition, watermelon grafting technology can be used to control the occurrence of diseases. Rational fertilization and water balance management of fertilization, control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, application of micro-fertilizer; apply rotten, organic fertilizer and cake without pathogenic bacteria, increased phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to reduce the risk of blight. Not flood irrigation, to prevent the spread of bacteria with water. Drain the water immediately after the rain to prevent meteor fields, reduce the humidity in the field, increase the permeability of the soil, and increase the resistance of plants. Avoid and reduce the damage to the roots during production to prevent the bacteria from invading the wound. The paddy crops were planted on paddy fields that had not been planted with watermelons and cotton to avoid cross-infection of pathogens between watermelon and cotton. Severely affected fields can be used for non-melon crops such as corn for more than 5 years of crop rotation or rice for more than 3 years. Appropriate application of drug control during colonization and early flowering period, with 65% spray dry 500 times or 46% melon dry 500 times Irrigation root, per hole irrigation 250 ml. At the beginning of the disease, one more drug is used to control the spread of the disease.
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