New breakthrough in regenerative medicine: Japan successfully reconstructed tracheal cartilage with ear cartilage
Release date: 2014-11-05
Affiliated Hospital of the University of Tokyo, Japan, recently announced that its research team has successfully reconstructed dog tracheal cartilage by cultivating some of the ear cartilage of the dog. This technology is expected to make new developments in regenerative medicine.
The research team led by Takahashi Taka, Associate Professor and Associate Professor of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the University of Tokyo, conducted experiments using five dogs born about six months old. These 5 dogs have difficulty breathing due to tracheal cartilage damage.
The researchers removed a portion of the cartilage weighing about 0.1 gram and a length of about 5 mm from behind the dog's ears. The cells were extracted and placed in a test tube, and a drug that activates and increases serum and cells is added for culture. After about one month, cartilage was formed in these cultures to be more than 10 times the original volume. The researchers processed the newly formed cartilage into a shape that matched the shape of the dog's tracheal cartilage injury and transplanted it to the injury site.
After transplanting the cartilage, the breathing of the five dogs returned to normal. Although researchers have previously developed techniques for transplanting some of the ear cartilage to the damaged part of the nose, it is the first time that the trachea has been transplanted to life. Compared with the previous method, transplanting the ear cartilage does not leave obvious surgical marks on the trachea, and can also reduce the risk of infection.
In the next phase, the researchers are preparing to conduct clinical trials for six adults who have no effect on tracheal cartilage due to trauma or congenital disease.
The cartilage covering the trachea plays an indispensable role in the smooth flow of air between the mouth and the lungs. If the tracheal cartilage is removed by surgery such as thyroid cancer, or due to a traffic accident or congenital disease, some tracheal cartilage defects or deformation, The patient will not breathe well.
About 150,000 people in Japan need surgery every year because tracheal cartilage does not function properly. At present, the main means of reconstructing tracheal cartilage is to transplant the costal cartilage of the patient, but the removal of costal cartilage may cause chest deformation, and it is difficult for patients under 10 years old to collect enough costal cartilage. In addition, there is a method of transplanting an artificial resin material, but the transplant site is prone to bacteria.
Source: Xinhuanet
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