Magnolia officinalis cultivation with high quality and high yield

Magnolia officinalis is a traditional Chinese medicinal material unique to China. It is a national three-level protection of Chinese medicinal materials and a national three-tiered protected plant. It is one of the domestic and foreign markets with a large demand for medicinal materials, and is also a mountainous area where farmers can get rid of poverty, become rich and lead a well-off society, and have a promising future. One of the crops. The farmers in Dongkeng Town of Jingning County took full advantage of the advantages of local mountains and actively expanded the planting area of ​​Houpu. 11468 mu (1 mu = 667 square meters, the same below) of Houpu Production Base was established, of which the production base was 325 mu and the production base was 240 Mu, in recent years can produce 63500 kg of Magnolia, annual production value of 510,000 yuan. In order to better guide the production of Magnolia officinalis, the author conducted many years of investigation and research on the cultivated varieties and site conditions of Magnolia officinalis, and explored a set of applicable cultivation techniques. 1. Selection of Good Varieties At present, there are 3 types of magnolia: concave leaf type, small convex tip type, and intermediate type. The content of honokiol is higher in the small convex tip type and lower in the concave leaf type. Variety determines the quality and economic benefits of Magnolia officinalis. The current production should vigorously promote the type of small convex tip types that have passed the examination and approval of Zhejiang Province. 2. Selection of a suitable planting area Magnolia officinalis has strong adaptability, but under different site conditions, the yield and benefit difference can reach about 10 times. Land thick, loose in texture, rich in organic matter in the foothills and valleys of the hills should be selected to create a thick forest plantation. Generally, it is not suitable for poor site conditions, and it cannot be planted in soil contaminated by heavy metals, pesticides and other industrial chemicals. 3. Select nursery nursery should choose fertile soil, deep soil, loose soil, adequate water, irrigation and drainage of rice fields. The first drying season, after sowing, generally in November to December, the latest sowing to the middle and late February. Before the sowing, the ditch is used as a ditch. The ditch is generally 120 cm wide, 20 cm wide and 20 cm deep. The use of strip-on-demand, sowing rate of 5 to 6 kilograms per acre, the spacing 25 cm, the spacing of 6 to 8 cm, broadcast 50 to 60 per square meter, about 17,000 per mu of seedlings. 4. Site preparation Before planting tillage and weed removal, dig 40 to 60 square centimeters deep and 30 to 40 centimeters deep. Planting 150-200 plants per acre, good site conditions, high operating levels, and forest grain intercropping should be slightly sparse; otherwise, it can be more dense. When planting, the first choice should be a healthy, disease-free and well-developed seedling. It is ideal for seedlings with a height of about 50 cm and a diameter greater than 0.8 cm. Generally choose to plant in the cloudy or dry evening of February to March. In the planting hole, first backfill part of the topsoil, apply a little phosphate fertilizer, plant the roots of the seedlings to stretch, planting the back side of the solid side, and watering seedlings. 5. Post-plant management (1) The management of fertilizer and water, such as the sunny day after the transplant, should be poured 1 time every other day, and it should be poured 2 to 3 times to avoid water shortage. Forest land with good site conditions has high fertility levels and no artificial fertilization is required during the entire growth period. If it is planted on a plot with poor soil fertility, it should be applied to 20-40 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer per acre from February to March every year. (2) Weeding, weeding, weeds, and weeds both compete for water and compete for water, which will affect the growth of magnolia officinalis. Therefore, they should be removed in conjunction with the cultivator in forest land, and herbicides such as glyphosate can also be used for spraying. (3) Pest control Pests and bollworms are perennial woody plants. The main producing areas are generally in the mountainous areas, and fewer diseases occur, and no control is required. Among the common pests in Jingning County, there are more than 10 species, including broad-tailed swallowtail butterfly, magnolia blue butterfly, Lai green butterfly, leaf roller moth, and leaf nail. Among them, the width-tailed swallowtail butterfly is more serious in the sunny mountainous area because of its high food intake. The saplings of 1-2 years old can be eaten. Field inspections should be strengthened. Artificial larvae should be collected from late April to mid-May and mid-July, and a small amount of eucalyptus trees should be planted between the woods in Houpo (since the broad-tailed swallowtails prefer to spawn and feed on banyan trees). , can significantly reduce the number of broad-tailed Papilio on Magnolia. 6. Harvest The cultivated Magnolia generally begins harvesting in about 12 to 15 years, and it can be determined based on market conditions. The harvest time is usually from late April to June. The product specifications are usually 40 cm or 80 cm. Harvesting can be done with logging or standing girdling.