Fig cultivation techniques
Fig, also known as honey fruit, Ying Niguo, Muxitou, is a deciduous shrub of Moraceae. Flowers are solitary, flowers are hidden inside the receptacles, so they are called figs. The canopy is round, beautiful, natural in shape, with large branches and leaves, and beautiful leaves. It is an excellent flower tree species for gardening, beautifying the environment, afforesting gardens and potted plants. The fruit is purple-brown and can be eaten fresh, sweet and delicious. It has many uses such as edible, medicinal and vegetable.
1. Growth habits Figs are native to the Mediterranean coast and warm areas of Central Asia. Hi sunshine, warmth and relatively dry climate, not cold, impatient Yin, afraid of water. Hi fertile sandy soil. Adaptable to soil, it can grow well in heavy grey soil, acid red soil and alluvial clay. Extremely drought-tolerant, potted plants, such as watering is not timely or use basin is too small often wither.
2. Propagation methods Seeds, figs, ramets, and tissue culture methods can be used for fig seedlings. At present, cutting propagation is often used, branches are easily rooted, hardwood cuttings can be carried out in early spring, and young shoots with roots sprouted at the stem base can be cut in the growing season. The survival rate is high, but they cannot be cut during growth. Lateral branches, otherwise sap will flow out in large quantities and affect growth. specific methods:
The whole seedling bed is flat, leeward, water-convenient, deep soil, and loose fertile land as seedbeds. Before and after the spring, the soil is deeply plowed. The weeds are removed and mixed with decomposed slag. ~1.2m, length as needed.
Cuttings and cuttings are made of tissue-enhanced, non-invasive pests, cut into small pieces of 8 to 12 cm, cut according to the spacing of 12 to 15 cm, and the buds are up, leaving 2 to 3 cm long on the ground, and the water is poured on with a thin layer of fertilizer. Do not pour branches, the same below, and cover with plastic film.
After half a month of care, the mulch film was opened, and then the leaching of thin water, moist topsoil, covered with mulch to promote rooting. After one month of cutting and seedling cultivation, grow young leaves, uncover the mulch, thin the fertilizer and water once every half month, and spray once every 7 days. If the temperature is low, it is still necessary to cover the mulch to insulate and promote growth and development.
The potted plants are directly inserted into the pots or wooden boxes, carefully cultivated for 2 years, and the results can be obtained. In the early spring, roots and seedlings sprouted on the rhizosphere can also be excavated, and some can be produced in the same year.
3. The strong seedlings were planted with thick stems, well-organized tissues, and well-developed root systems. Fine seedlings with more fine roots were planted when the temperature in early spring was stable above 10°C, and could also be carried out in autumn. Daejeon planting is best done on a cloudy, cloudy day for easy survival. Every 4~5m, dig a large hole, apply enough decomposed slag or decomposed oil pods, cover with a thin layer of fertile culture soil, make a taro shape with a slightly higher middle and lower circumference, place a root system on it, and make the root system naturally Stretch, cover with culture soil, pour root water, cover slightly higher than the ground to prevent soil settlement in the future.
4. Cultivation and management After planting, the seedlings should be appropriately cut and short, and the height should be determined depending on the method of pruning and the size of the seedlings. Generally, the height should be 60cm, and the buds below 20cm from the ground should be removed to prevent the occurrence of litchi. After germination, the configuration of the main branch should be taken into consideration, and useless shoots should be removed as soon as possible to avoid wasting nutrients. Fertilizers are applied in stages throughout the growing period, usually 3 to 4 times. Every year after the autumn leaves should be fertilized once, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium should be a reasonable match, do not apply too much nitrogen, or branches are long, results are few, winter shoots are also vulnerable to freezing. In the long-term maintenance, we must pay attention to regular irrigation, do not suffer from drought, winter must be filled before winter. Potted figs require short and dense fruit. In order to achieve this goal, it is advisable to keep the short trunk at a height of about 30 cm. The main trunk will be selected to retain 3 to 5 main branches. Each of the main branches will be reselected to retain 2 to 3 collateral branches. The whole plant will have about 10 branches. Left and right, and the branches are evenly distributed and trimmed into a round head shape, which can constitute a beautiful crown.
5. Control pests and diseases The common pests and diseases of figs include angular spot disease, anthrax, root cancer disease, longhorn beetles, scale insects, tea winged dragonflies, and leafhoppers. One spot disease and anthracnose are fungal diseases. The leaf spot disease mainly damages the leaves, and anthrax attacks the fruits and leaves. Before the onset of the disease, it was sprayed with 200 times Bordeaux mixture for prevention. After the onset of spraying carbendazim or thiophanate 1000 times prevention and treatment. The two days of cattle are mainly Sang Tianniu and Xingtianni. Dichlorvos 100 times can be used to control the hole. 3 scale insects have pupa pods, brown soft pupa, blow cotton pods, red radish, red wax pupa, grass rambling, etc., can be sprayed to kill malathion 1000 times liquid. 4 Leafhoppers can be sprayed with an antibacterial agent.
6. Appropriate harvesting is generally a suitable period for harvesting figs from July to October. The mature fruits are harvested in batches in batches on a sunny day in dry weather. Be careful not to hurt the peel. The fresh fruit harvested on the day is sold or processed on the same day. . Fully ripened fruit, the pores on the top of the fruit are gradually cracked, and the reticulation on the peel is clearly visible. At this time, the harvested fruit has the best flavor.
1. Growth habits Figs are native to the Mediterranean coast and warm areas of Central Asia. Hi sunshine, warmth and relatively dry climate, not cold, impatient Yin, afraid of water. Hi fertile sandy soil. Adaptable to soil, it can grow well in heavy grey soil, acid red soil and alluvial clay. Extremely drought-tolerant, potted plants, such as watering is not timely or use basin is too small often wither.
2. Propagation methods Seeds, figs, ramets, and tissue culture methods can be used for fig seedlings. At present, cutting propagation is often used, branches are easily rooted, hardwood cuttings can be carried out in early spring, and young shoots with roots sprouted at the stem base can be cut in the growing season. The survival rate is high, but they cannot be cut during growth. Lateral branches, otherwise sap will flow out in large quantities and affect growth. specific methods:
The whole seedling bed is flat, leeward, water-convenient, deep soil, and loose fertile land as seedbeds. Before and after the spring, the soil is deeply plowed. The weeds are removed and mixed with decomposed slag. ~1.2m, length as needed.
Cuttings and cuttings are made of tissue-enhanced, non-invasive pests, cut into small pieces of 8 to 12 cm, cut according to the spacing of 12 to 15 cm, and the buds are up, leaving 2 to 3 cm long on the ground, and the water is poured on with a thin layer of fertilizer. Do not pour branches, the same below, and cover with plastic film.
After half a month of care, the mulch film was opened, and then the leaching of thin water, moist topsoil, covered with mulch to promote rooting. After one month of cutting and seedling cultivation, grow young leaves, uncover the mulch, thin the fertilizer and water once every half month, and spray once every 7 days. If the temperature is low, it is still necessary to cover the mulch to insulate and promote growth and development.
The potted plants are directly inserted into the pots or wooden boxes, carefully cultivated for 2 years, and the results can be obtained. In the early spring, roots and seedlings sprouted on the rhizosphere can also be excavated, and some can be produced in the same year.
3. The strong seedlings were planted with thick stems, well-organized tissues, and well-developed root systems. Fine seedlings with more fine roots were planted when the temperature in early spring was stable above 10°C, and could also be carried out in autumn. Daejeon planting is best done on a cloudy, cloudy day for easy survival. Every 4~5m, dig a large hole, apply enough decomposed slag or decomposed oil pods, cover with a thin layer of fertile culture soil, make a taro shape with a slightly higher middle and lower circumference, place a root system on it, and make the root system naturally Stretch, cover with culture soil, pour root water, cover slightly higher than the ground to prevent soil settlement in the future.
4. Cultivation and management After planting, the seedlings should be appropriately cut and short, and the height should be determined depending on the method of pruning and the size of the seedlings. Generally, the height should be 60cm, and the buds below 20cm from the ground should be removed to prevent the occurrence of litchi. After germination, the configuration of the main branch should be taken into consideration, and useless shoots should be removed as soon as possible to avoid wasting nutrients. Fertilizers are applied in stages throughout the growing period, usually 3 to 4 times. Every year after the autumn leaves should be fertilized once, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium should be a reasonable match, do not apply too much nitrogen, or branches are long, results are few, winter shoots are also vulnerable to freezing. In the long-term maintenance, we must pay attention to regular irrigation, do not suffer from drought, winter must be filled before winter. Potted figs require short and dense fruit. In order to achieve this goal, it is advisable to keep the short trunk at a height of about 30 cm. The main trunk will be selected to retain 3 to 5 main branches. Each of the main branches will be reselected to retain 2 to 3 collateral branches. The whole plant will have about 10 branches. Left and right, and the branches are evenly distributed and trimmed into a round head shape, which can constitute a beautiful crown.
5. Control pests and diseases The common pests and diseases of figs include angular spot disease, anthrax, root cancer disease, longhorn beetles, scale insects, tea winged dragonflies, and leafhoppers. One spot disease and anthracnose are fungal diseases. The leaf spot disease mainly damages the leaves, and anthrax attacks the fruits and leaves. Before the onset of the disease, it was sprayed with 200 times Bordeaux mixture for prevention. After the onset of spraying carbendazim or thiophanate 1000 times prevention and treatment. The two days of cattle are mainly Sang Tianniu and Xingtianni. Dichlorvos 100 times can be used to control the hole. 3 scale insects have pupa pods, brown soft pupa, blow cotton pods, red radish, red wax pupa, grass rambling, etc., can be sprayed to kill malathion 1000 times liquid. 4 Leafhoppers can be sprayed with an antibacterial agent.
6. Appropriate harvesting is generally a suitable period for harvesting figs from July to October. The mature fruits are harvested in batches in batches on a sunny day in dry weather. Be careful not to hurt the peel. The fresh fruit harvested on the day is sold or processed on the same day. . Fully ripened fruit, the pores on the top of the fruit are gradually cracked, and the reticulation on the peel is clearly visible. At this time, the harvested fruit has the best flavor.
Metatron Hunter 4025:
Description and Field of Application
Purpose
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