Comparison of various types of biomass energy use
Comparison of various types of biomass energy use
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Biomass utilization
Direct-fired power generation
Thermal cracking gasification power generation
Cellulose non-grain ethanol
Biomass Natural Gas (B-CNG)
Per kilogram of biomass feedstock can be produced
1 kWh of electricity
1 kWh of electricity
0.14 kg of ethanol
0.35m3 natural gas CH4
0.15m3 carbon dioxide CO2
Terminal product sales price
0.5932 yuan/kwh
0.5932 yuan/kwh
5.5 yuan/kg
Natural gas for vehicles (CNG): 3.60 yuan/m3
Liquid carbon dioxide (CO2): 1.5 yuan/kg
Self-consumption
In-plant transportation and in-plant power are calculated based on 12% of power generation. Due to stifling straw, self-consumption is higher than coal-fired power.
In-plant transportation, power, electricity catching, dust collectors, fans, etc. are calculated based on 16% of power generation
The total labor cost for other energy inputs such as self-consumption and other labor costs is ≥5.5 yuan/kg, that is, for each ton of cellulose ethanol produced, a large amount of other energy is required for input, resulting in many production links and high management costs.
The power consumption per cubic meter of natural gas is 0.5Kw/h, the steam consumption per ton of biomass produced is calculated as 0.5T steam, and the digester heat temperature is 55°C.
Production management costs
25%
5%
It is a static production with less labor and management costs are extremely low
Current convertible value per kilogram of biomass
0.37 yuan after enjoying the subsidy
0.35 yuan after enjoying the subsidy
0 or negative value, is a renewable alternative energy exploration, no economic benefit
Natural gas: 1.26 yuan
Carbon dioxide: 0.45 yuan
Total 1.71 yuan
Benefits of conversion after removing 0.3 yuan per kilogram of biomass collection and management costs
Every kilogram of biomass can still earn 0.07 yuan with a subsidy of 0.25 yuan/degree
Every kilogram of biomass can still make a profit of 0.05 yuan with a subsidy of 0.25 yuan/degree
0 or negative value, currently rely on fixed financial subsidies to maintain, the project direction is suspicious
Without any subsidy, it can profit 1.15 yuan per kilogram of biomass
Equivalent calorific value after conversion
3.6MJ
A conversion scheme with the lowest conversion calorific value, if the energy consumption is reduced, the net calorific value after conversion is lower
3.75MJ
(A large amount of other energy is needed to supplement the production. There is no net calorific value after conversion, which is a negative calorific value conversion)
CH4 12.53MJ, CO2 has no energy value
(There is no other energy source added in the production, it is a static production, and the highest calorific value in straw conversion is known to mankind.)
Nature of energy
Fixed energy
Mobile energy
Mobile energy
Market price trend
Biomass electricity price is linked to desulphurized coal and electricity, and the price is stable. After 15 years, the subsidy of 0.25 yuan per kilowatt-hour will be cancelled. The market prospect is very suspicious!
The price is stable and affected by the state subsidy policy. There are relatively large uncertainties and the market prospects are very suspicious.
The price of gasoline is pegged at 0.75 (L/m3), which is an average annual increase of 8%. Currently, domestic CNG prices are obviously low, which is obviously regulated by the international market and will continue to rise in the future.
Substitutability
There are wind power, solar energy, coal, water conservancy and other low-cost power generation alternatives
There can be a complete replacement of low cost cellulose and natural gas
Only high-energy, high-cost energy alternatives such as petroleum and ethanol
Technical stability
China has already completed the introduction, digestion and absorption of biomass power generation equipment. With complete independent intellectual property rights, the technology is very stable, and its combustion and radiating principle is very simple and reliable.
The price of cellulase is extremely high and does not exist in the natural world. Artificial synthesis is needed. After the project is enlarged, the fermentation is susceptible to infection, the production is unstable, and there is a high technical risk. The technical direction is suspicious.
Fermentation of methanogens is widespread in natural sludge. It is the result of long-term evolution of organisms. It has low costs, no industrial amplification risk, and can be stably fermented. It has the highest technical stability, and its technical direction is clear and reliable.
Industry threshold
The initial investment is very high, at 2-3 billion yuan, and the procedures for entering the national grid are complex and require complicated administrative examination and approval at every level, and income tax can not be avoided. Feasibility study and EIA costs are high, and there are strict geographical examination and approval restrictions. The industry’s unspoken rules are complex and opaque and irregular.
The initial investment is extremely high, at 3-4 billion yuan. Except for four state-owned ethanol companies receiving subsidy, the rest of the enterprises are basically not likely to receive subsidies, administrative approval is complex, and industry access is difficult
The initial investment is low and RMB 2 million can be used to complete small-scale industrial production. At present, there is no administrative approval for the biogas project and it is renewable and clean natural gas. Currently, it is exempted from income tax, business tax, and non-commercial qualifications, and anyone can enter it. project
Environmental pollution impact
Light pollution
Contaminated, need to be treated after discharge
Serious pollution, high sewage charges, higher pollution if dilute acid hydrolysis
No pollution. It is commonly used in the treatment of pollutants such as BOD and COD produced in the production of ethanol, monosodium glutamate, and municipal sewage treatment plants.
Key equipment configuration
No equipment manufacturing technology threshold, there are a large number of manufacturers for large-scale production, some equipment has also entered excess capacity
A highly efficient, low-energy-consuming digital biomass vapor explosion liquefaction plant is required. Liquefied hydrolyzed straw is used for cellulase fermentation. If dilute acid is used for hydrolysis, it is costly and polluting.
Need high-efficiency, low-energy-consuming digital biomass steam explosion liquefaction equipment, and liquefaction of straw after high-performance digital pulsed backflow biogas fermentation, otherwise the gas production rate is extremely low, and it is difficult to import and export material, unable to achieve automatic industrial continuous production
Product sales method
It can only be sold to the State Grid Corporation of China, but it can enjoy full purchase of electricity as required by law. It is very difficult for a small company that has nothing to do with the State Grid Corporation to enter this industry. It is strongly dependent on the policy and the market is not obvious.
Because of the use of blending with gasoline, it is under the control of a monopoly company with gasoline. The higher the blending fee, which cannot be adjusted, cannot directly face the market consumption, and has a greater market monopoly risk.
Can directly face the vast number of CNG users direct unlimited, no intermediate links and costs, not monopoly control, no market risk, due to traffic-related, after the introduction of fuel tax, whether the introduction of "combustion fuel tax" restrictions on biogas - The development of natural gas projects will be determined.
Material requirements
Must be packaged dry stalk with moisture content ≤12% or less, unable to adapt to the majority of green wet straw in two ripe areas, raw material adaptability is very poor
Green and dry straw can be
It is not limited to all kinds of agricultural waste such as green and dry stalks. All organic filth including various types of excrement and sewage can be used as raw materials for the production of cellulose and natural gas. Its raw materials are widely sourced and it is easy to obtain low cost.
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