Black fungus growth requirements for environmental conditions
First, nutrition
In the growth of black fungus, carbon, nitrogen, inorganic salts and other nutrients must be taken from the matrix. These materials can be obtained from lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, etc. in wood. In order to accelerate the growth rate of hyphae, artificially added certain amounts of nitrogen-rich substances such as wheat bran or rice bran are used as nutrients. The absorption of nutrients is mainly through the various enzymes secreted by mycelia, degrade various types of organic matter, and then absorb and utilize them.
During the growth and development process, black fungus also needs a small amount of inorganic salts, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, iron, etc., and these nutrients are abundant in wood. In the feed, proper addition of superphosphate and magnesium sulfate is sufficient.
Second, the temperature
Black fungus is a moderate temperature type fungus, its mycelium can grow between 15-36 °C, but the most suitable between 22-30 degrees Celsius, below 14 °C and 38 °C above inhibition. The Auricularia auricula fruit body can form and grow between 15-28°C, but grows best between 20-24°C.
Black fungus in the appropriate temperature range, the temperature is low, the growth cycle is long, but the hypha growth is strong, the formation of the fruit body color deep and thick meat, good quality; the higher the temperature, the faster the growth and development, causing the mycelium , Slim and fragile, easy to aging, fruit body pale and thin, quality second. If the fruit body is perishable under conditions of high temperature and high humidity, a "flowing ear" phenomenon occurs. Mature basidiospores germinate between 22-32°C.
Third, moisture
In different stages of growth and development, the black fungus has different moisture requirements. The mycelium growth requires that the moisture content of segment wood be 35%-40%, the moisture content of the cultivation material of the substitute culture should be 55%-60%, the relative humidity of the air during the growth phase of mycelia should be kept at about 70%, and the fruit body formation phase needs to be high. Moisture, air relative humidity is suitable for 90%-95%, below 80% growth retardation. Black fungus belongs to the class of glial fungi, and the sunny weather is conducive to the growth and spread of mycelium, promoting the development and development of the ear. A rainfall can absorb 15 times its dry weight of water. After sunny days, the ears shrink strongly and have strong drought resistance. Wet and dry alternating water management method is an effective measure to increase the yield of artificially cultivated black fungus.
Fourth, air
Auricular fungus when black fungus. Therefore, the cultivation site should be air circulated in order to ensure the oxygen needs of mycelium growth. If the cultivation site is poorly ventilated, the ears will not be easy to spread and chicken claw ears will be formed, which will result in loss of product value. Maintaining good ventilation can also prevent mildewing of the ears and reduce bacterial infections.
V. Lighting
Black auricular mycelium growth stage, generally do not need light. The formation of fruiting bodies requires some scattered light. Under completely dark conditions, fruiting body primordium is not easily formed. If the scattered light is insufficient, the growth and development of the fruit body is abnormal, and when the care intensity is 150Lx, the fruit body color fades to 200-400 Lx, which is light yellow, and the darkening above 125 Lx is normal.
Sixth, pH
Black fungus grows slightly acidic conditions, preferably pH 5.5-6.5.
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