Artificial hatching techniques for pigeons involve using artificial incubation instead of natural brooding. This method allows breeding pigeons to avoid the stress of sitting on eggs, thereby shortening the interval between egg-laying cycles and increasing overall egg production. Additionally, it helps prevent eggs from breaking due to various factors, which can lead to a higher hatch rate and fewer cold dead eggs. With proper application, this technique can boost the hatching success rate from 68% in naturally hatched pigeons to as high as 88%. Below are the detailed steps involved in the process:
First, egg collection should be done every night after 8 PM. All eggs laid by the breeders must be removed promptly; collecting them too early or too late can negatively affect the hatching process. When removing eggs, the nest boxes should also be taken out to ensure that the breeders don't lay more eggs immediately afterward. It's essential to keep accurate records of each pigeon’s egg-laying time and mark the eggs accordingly. Pigeon eggs should be stored at a temperature between 5°C and 20°C with good ventilation. Ideally, they can be kept in an incubator set at 18°C.
Next, the incubation process begins. Eggs can be collected over four consecutive days and placed into the incubator all at once. The incubation temperature should be maintained at 38.3–38.8°C, slightly higher than the ambient temperature. Humidity should be around 50–55%, and the eggs need to be turned 4–6 times daily. On the 12th day, the egg trays should be removed once a day, and the eggs should be cooled to 30°C outside the machine before being returned.
During the hatching process, eggs should be checked at different stages: on the 5th day, 10th day, and 16th day. Any unfertilized eggs or dead embryos should be removed to prevent contamination. By day 17–18, the young pigeons will start to hatch.
In addition to artificial hatching, artificial feeding plays a crucial role in raising healthy pigeons. This method requires strict hygiene and precise handling. Proper implementation can improve the quality of the birds, increase productivity, and enhance economic returns. Key equipment includes small and large feeders, brooding incubators, and specialized cages. For the first few days, young pigeons are kept in an incubator with controlled temperatures, gradually moving to open cages as they grow.
Feeding is also critical. A balanced diet tailored to the age of the pigeons is necessary. For example, young pigeons aged 1–5 days require a mix of broiler feed, soybean meal, milk powder, and other supplements. As they grow, the formula changes to include more soybean meal and less protein. The feed should be mixed with warm water and cooled to 40°C before being given.
Finally, when implementing artificial feeding, it's important to start with small-scale trials and build up gradually. Ensuring a clean environment, proper temperature control, and effective nursing techniques is essential to prevent disease transmission. Only by mastering these key aspects can the health and growth of the pigeons be effectively supported.
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