Maize deficiency symptoms, causes and prevention methods
symptom:
1. The nitrogen-deficient seedlings are dwarf, thin, and the leaves are yellow-green; the leaves turn yellow from the tip of the leaves and develop along the midrib of the leaves to form a "V"-shaped yellowing part; the whole plant is yellowed, and the lower part of the leaves is dead and The edge is yellow-green; the nitrogen deficiency is severe or the key period is nitrogen deficiency, the ear is small, the top grain is not full, and the protein content is low.
Second, the phosphorus-deficient strain is sensitive, the plant is dwarfed; the leaf tip and leaf margin are chlorotic red, the posterior leaf end is dead or becomes dark purple brown; the root system is underdeveloped, the ear is pollinated, the grain is not full, and the ear is less or distort.
Third, the leaf tips and leaf margins of the lower leaves of potassium deficiency are yellow or red-hot, and the plants are easy to fall, the ears are small, and the top is poorly developed.
4. The upper leaves of the magnesium-deficient seedlings are yellow. There are yellow and white chlorotic stripes between the veins, and the tips and edges of the lower leaves are purple-red; the leaves with severe magnesium deficiency and the tip of the leaves are dead, and the whole plant leaves appear yellow-green stripes or dwarf.
5. The seedlings with severe zinc deficiency are excavated within 2 weeks, the leaves have pale streaks, and an albino broadband tissue area appears on both sides of the posterior midrib, and the midrib and margin are still green, sometimes the leaf margin and sheath are brown or red. Sixth, the sulfur-deficient plants are dwarfed, the leaves are yellow, and the maturity period is delayed, similar to the symptoms of nitrogen deficiency.
7. Light green to white or full leaf discoloration occurs between the leaves of the upper leaves of iron deficiency.
Eight, irregular white spots appear in the veins of the boron-deficient young leaves, each spot can be fused into white stripes; severe internode elongation is inhibited or can not be squirming and silking.
Nine, calcium deficiency When the soil is deficient in calcium, the leaves of the seedlings can not be extracted or not spread, and some of the leaves are stuck together in a ladder shape, and the plants are slightly yellowish green or dwarfed.
Ten, the young leaves of manganese deficiency veins slowly turn yellow, forming yellow-green stripes, the leaves are bent and draped, not to be deficient in magnesium.
the reason:
First, the lack of nitrogen is due to low organic matter content, low temperature or flooding, especially in the mid-term drought or heavy rain is prone to nitrogen deficiency.
Second, the lack of phosphorus and low temperature, soil moisture is conducive to the onset, acid soil, red soil, yellow soil is prone to lack of available phosphorus.
Third, the lack of potassium generally sandy soil with low potassium, such as the former high potassium crops, prone to potassium deficiency, sand, loam, moisture or sloping soil is easy to occur.
4. The magnesium deficiency soil has high acidity or is easily deficient in magnesium after being washed by heavy rain. The potassium content is high or the magnesium content is reduced due to the application of lime.
5. Zinc-deficient soils or fertilizers contain too much phosphorus, and soils with high pH, ​​low temperature, high humidity or low organic fertilizer are prone to zinc deficiency.
6. Sulfate-deficient sandy soil, soil with low organic matter content or cold and humid soil is prone to disease.
Seven, iron deficiency in alkaline soil is easy to lack iron.
Eight, lack of boron drought, high soil acidity or sand is prone to boron deficiency.
Nine, calcium deficiency is due to soil acidity is too low or mineral soil, below pH 5.5, soil organic matter below 48mg / kg or potassium, magnesium content is too high, easy to occur calcium deficiency.
10. In the calcareous soil with a manganese deficiency pH greater than 7 or a field near the river, manganese is easily leached. Excessive application of lime in production is also likely to cause manganese deficiency.
Control method:
(1) Correct diagnosis should be based on plant analysis and soil test results and dysfunction.
(2) Advocate the application of compost or decomposed organic fertilizer prepared by Japanese enzyme bacteria. Formulated fertilization technology is used to supplement the lack of fertilizer in corn.
(3) It is also possible to spray leaf fertilizer on the leaf surface in the early stage of deficiency. Use Huimanfeng multi-element compound organic active liquid fertilizer 210-240ml, dilute water 300-400 times or promote Fengbao active liquid fertilizer E-type 600-800 times liquid, multi-functional high-efficiency liquid fertilizer 10,000 Jiabao 500-600 times liquid.
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