Greenhouse winter celery cultivation technology
The wintering celery is mainly carried out in a single-slope solar greenhouse under covered conditions. The supply period is from New Year to Spring Festival. Due to its good quality, it is well received by the market and has a high output value. The cultivation techniques are as follows:
First, the selection of good varieties
Cultivated celery in the greenhouse should be selected from the group that does not divide, grow fast, high yield, disease resistance and high quality, mainly including Jinnan real celery, Kaifeng glass crisp, Tianjin white temple celery and so on.
Second, sowing seedlings
1. Soaking seeds and germination: Dry the seeds for 2 to 3 days, then soak them in water for 24 hours, remove them with two hands and knead them to 60% of the shells, wash them with water, and then dry them for a while. Add Moisturizing sacks to moisturize and place in a cool, ventilated place to germination. During the germination period, rinse each time with water every morning and evening, keep the seeds clean, moist, and ventilated, so that the germination is uniform. The germination temperature is maintained at 15 to 20 ° C. After 4 to 5 days, 80% of the seeds are germinated and can be sown.
2. Sowing: Planting 667 square meters of solar greenhouse requires about 60 square meters of seedling beds, and the amount of sowing is 250-300 grams. Before planting, choose the land with fertile land and convenient irrigation and drainage as the raft. The width of the raft is 1.2 meters and the length of the raft is 25 meters. Each sorghum is 100 kilograms of high-quality rotted organic fertilizer, and it is fully mixed with the shovel. Flatten the face. Choose cloudy or evening before sowing to prevent roasting of young shoots in the hot sun. Before the sowing, the water is first poured in the prepared sputum. After the water is infiltrated, the germinated seeds are evenly spread with a part of the moist fine soil, and then 0.5 cm thick fine soil is covered.
3. Seedbed management: Before sowing to the emergence of seedlings, cover the shade with sunshade net or bamboo curtain to prevent sun exposure and rain wash, keep the soil moist after sowing, spray water with sprayer or pour 1 time every afternoon for 1~2 days. The water cools down. When the seedlings grow 2 to 3 leaves, the number of watering is appropriately reduced. After the seedlings were unearthed, the first seedlings were combined with weeding; the second time after half a month, the seedlings were 1 to 1.5 cm; after 30 days, the third seedlings were 2.5 to 3 cm. When the seedling grows 3 to 4 leaves, 5 to 8 kg of urea is applied per 667 square meters of watering. When the seedling grows 5 to 6 leaves, the plant height is 10 cm, and it can be planted.
Third, colonization
It is usually planted from September to early October. Celery is a favorite fertilizer water vegetable, and winter cultivation should increase the amount of base fertilizer application. Generally, 667 square meters of high-quality ring fertilizer is applied to 6000 kilograms, deep-turning and drying, and after simmering, it is made into 1~1.2 meters of cultivation carp. The planting should be carried out in cloudy or afternoon to facilitate the seedlings. 1 day before planting or when the morning is big, the nursery should be watered. When the seedlings are planted, the main roots are kept about 4 cm, and the pests and diseases are eliminated. The row spacing is 15-20 cm, the plant spacing is 10-12 cm, and the plants are planted every 667. Square meters planted 33,000 to 40,000 plants. The depth of colonization is based on not burying the heart. Deeply planted the heart leaf silt after watering, affecting growth, reducing the survival rate; when planted too shallow, it is easy to be washed out by water, resulting in lack of seedlings. After planting, pour a small amount of water, and after 2 to 3 days, pour the seedling water and loose soil once. After slow seedlings, a small amount of top dressing can be used to raise the seedlings From the end of October to the beginning of November, the shed will be shackled, but at this time the temperature is still high at the midday, not all buckles are tight, and the temperature is maintained at around 20 °C during the day. When the temperature reaches 25 °C or above, it must be ventilated in time.
Fourth, field management
1. Temperature control: The winter celery growing in the greenhouse is completed before the new year, and the plant height requirement is 50 cm or more. Therefore, the pre-management should pay attention to the temperature control, maintain the shed temperature during the day at 15 ~ 25 ° C, the ground temperature 20 ° C, at night not less than 10 ° C. When the external temperature drops to about 6-12 in mid-November, the shed can be buckled tightly, and when there is a cold current, the grass curtain should be covered with cold at night. Afterwards, expose it every morning and cover it at night; pay attention to insulation.
2. Topdressing: In the upper and middle of November, new roots and new leaves have occurred in large quantities. At this time, NPK fertilizers can be applied 15-20 kg/667 square meters. The second top dressing is based on quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, which can be applied with water 8-10 kg. In order to prevent the petiole from being rough and broken, 0.2% to 0.5% of boric acid can be sprayed on the foliar surface at the initial stage of growth.
3. Watering: After the planting, the initial temperature is higher, the soil evaporates faster, and the water can be watered once every 4 to 5 days in combination with topdressing, keeping the surface moist and beneficial to new roots.
4. Interplanting: Within 1 month after planting, it should be cultivated 2 to 3 times. In the middle and late stages, the underground root group expands and the aboveground plants are large, and the cultivating is stopped.
5 pest control: 50% mites (anti-èšœå¨) wettable powder 2000-3000 times liquid, or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1000-1500 times liquid, or 0.5% cucurbitacin alcohol liquid (guard bird) 800 times liquid spray control; greenhouse whitefly can choose 25% chlorpyrifos WP 1000-1500 times solution, or 2.5% fenvalerate (Kungfu) emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times solution, or 25% yttrium manganese WP 1000 ~ 1500 times liquid spray control. For early blight (leaf leaf spot) and spot disease (late blight, leaf blight), 50% chlorhexidine WP 1000 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 600 times solution can be used for spraying; Soft rot (rot rot) with 30% succinic acid copper (DT) suspension 500 times solution, or neomycin 4000 times solution, or 47% rigon WP 800 times solution, or 72% Agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 3000 ~ 4000 times liquid control.
V. Harvesting
When the celery plant grows to 60-70 cm, it can be harvested. If it is too large, it can be exposed late, cover the straw early, shorten the time of seeing light, release the wind and reduce the humidity, reduce the watering, slow growth, and delay. Harvest to improve economic efficiency.
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