High-yielding cultivation techniques of garlic
Garlic is a perennial root plant of Liliaceae. Its garlic sprouts, garlic sprouts, and garlic can be eaten. It has extremely high food value and is a treasure in vegetables. To obtain high yields of garlic, it is necessary to grasp the following cultivation measures.
First, deep-spotting the soil preparation and applying base fertilizer
Garlic is suitable for sandy soil with deep, fertile, loose and well-drained soil. Immediately after the harvest, the garlic was harvested immediately after the harvest. Mushi's decomposed organic fertilizer was 5000-6000 kg, and compound fertilizer was 80-100 kg, and some calcium, magnesium, and sulfur fertilizers were applied. Then plunge about 30 centimeters deep, intensive cultivation.
Second, fine sowing, nurturing strong seedlings
1. Selection of species flap: The species flap is the main source of nutrition for garlic seedlings, and its size has a great influence on the formation of product organs. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the varieties, the heads with large heads, large flaps, and flaps should be selected as the seeds. Before sowing, the lobes should be removed and the mildew, worms, and broken garlic cloves should be removed. The garlic cloves should be divided into 3 levels according to size. The flap (heavy weight is about 500 grams), the second species flap (half weight is about 400 grams), and the third species flap (height less than 300 grams) is generally not seeded. Different levels of seeds should be planted separately and not mixed.
2. Timely sowing: The most suitable period for sowing garlic is to make the plants grow to 5-6 leaves before winter. At this time, the cold resistance of the plants is the strongest, and it will not be frozen in the cold winter, and will be planted through the vernalization for the plants. Good foundation. Seeding early, the seedlings grow too vigorously before winter and consume nutrients, reduce the ability to overwinter, cause secondary growth, affect the quality of garlic. When sowing is too late, the garlic sprouts are small, the tissues are tender, the roots are weak, the accumulated nutrients are less, the cold resistance is low, and more deaths occur during the winter. Therefore, garlic must strictly control the sowing period.
3. Proper and close planting: The output of Garlic Bran and Garlic is composed of the number of plants per acre, the number of garlic plants per plant, the weight of each plant, and the weight of the plant. According to the characteristics of the species should be properly dense planting, generally 4 to 50,000 acres planted; early maturity of some varieties of appropriate density, planting about 50,000 acres is good; middle and late maturity of the varieties should be more appropriate to plant about 40,000 acres it is good.
4, appropriate shallow planting: "deep green onion and light garlic", garlic suitable for shallow planting, covering the thickness of 3 to 4 cm is appropriate. When ditching is planted, a ditch of 10 cm deep can be opened. Before the planting, the soil should be filled with 3 to 4 cm, and then the garlic should be placed and the garlic should be about 3 cm high. The flat surface is covered with a thickness of 3 to 4 cm.
5, cover the film
The effect of mulching with plastic film on the production of garlic is obvious. Compared with terrestrial cultivation, the mulching film can improve the micro-environmental conditions of garlic growth and promote the growth and development of garlic, so as to achieve the purpose of premature delivery and high yield. Studies have shown that: garlic film cultivation, bolting time can be 6 to 10 days ahead of time, mature 5 to 8 days ahead of schedule, increase the production of garlic scorpion 55.35%, increased production of garlic 44.8%.
General first sowing cover film. Cover film should be tight and compact. Membrane close to the ground, no gaps, no wrinkles film, timely damage when plugged with soil.
Third, strengthen field management to ensure high and stable production
1. Seedling management: Garlic seedlings are watered 1 time, and combined with watering, 5-8 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied per acre to promote seedling growth. For fertility, the sufficient amount of base fertilizer may not be fertilized. Then control the fertilizer, cultivator weeding, soil protection. In order to protect the seedlings from overwintering, water is poured once in a timely manner. When the spring temperature rises, when garlic leaves and roots begin to grow, they are poured back into Qingshui, combined with watering, and Moshi 8 to 10 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is used to promote seedling growth.
2, flower bud differentiation garlic sprouts elongation management: After the mother retired plant began independent life, flower buds, scale buds began to differentiate into a vigorous growth period. In this period, it is necessary to fertilize the ground water, generally 5 to 6 days for watering once, and for every 2 waters, topdressing 1 fertilizer, and applying 15 to 20 kg of compound fertilizer per acre for a total of 2 top dressings. Before the harvest of garlic sprouts, the watering was stopped for 3 to 5 days, so that the plants were slightly withered, so that the “loose mouth†was easily cooked.
3, Bulb expansion period management: Immediately after the vegetable pot watering 1, and Mushi compound nitrogen fertilizer 15 to 20 kg, in order to meet the needs of nutrients for garlic expansion. After 4 to 5 days, pour water once and stop watering for 1 week before harvest to make the old garlic tissue mature and improve its storability.
Fourth, timely harvest
1. Harvest of garlic sprouts: Harvesting garlic sprouts in a timely manner not only improves the yield and quality of garlic sprouts, but also has an important role in increasing the yield of garlic sprouts. When garlic sprouts produce 8 to 15 cm of leaves and sheaths, the upper part is bent and called “hook†shape and the total pod becomes white, and the texture is soft and the yield is high. When harvesting, it is usually better to choose sunny noon or noon. It is necessary to pay attention to protect the garlic leaves when lifting and prevent the leaves from being pulled up or broken, which will affect the growth of garlic.
2. Harvest of Garlic: According to different uses, if the garlic is used for pickling, it can be harvested about 15 days after harvesting; if the garlic is harvested, then after 20 to 25 days of harvesting, the leaves of the plant will gradually yellow and leave Harvest when the stem is soft. After harvesting, airing, drying, pay attention to only sunburn, do not shine, prevent garlic burn or turn green, often turning, 2 to 3 days, until the stems and leaves dry, can be stored.
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