Experts from wheat entering heading filling stage put forward key measures for increasing grain and raising weight
After wheat heading, it enters the late growth stage. This period is the crucial period for determining the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight, and it is also an important period for field management. Experts from the provincial agricultural technology extension station pointed out that doing a good job in this stage of management has very important significance in reducing the deterioration of small flowers, raising the seed-setting rate, increasing the number of grains per spike, delaying aging, and increasing grain weight. At present, we must focus on the following management and technical measures:
First, pouring enough water to fill the grouting water
The water consumption from wheat flowering to maturity accounts for a quarter of the total water consumption during the entire growth period and needs to be met by watering. Drought will not only affect the grain weight, but also the heading and flowering drought will affect the grain number. Therefore, about 10 to 15 days after the flowering of wheat, the slurry should be poured in time to ensure the physiological water of wheat. At the same time, it can also improve the field microclimate, reduce the adverse effects of high temperature on wheat grouting, reduce the damage of dry hot wind, increase grain plumpness, increase Grain weight. During this period of watering, special attention should be paid to weather changes. It is prohibited to water in stormy weather to prevent lodging. Excessive soil moisture before maturity will affect root vitality and reduce grain weight. Therefore, wheat yellow water must be stopped 10 days before maturation.
Second, the full implementation of the "one spray and three defenses" technology, disease prevention and pest prevention against premature aging
The late growth period of wheat is the main period of occurrence of various diseases and pests, including wheat aphids, red spider mites, wheat leaf bees, rust, powdery mildew, leaf blight, head blight, and the like. To do a good job in forecasting and early warning. In the prevention and control, we must give full play to the role of the plant protection professional machine defense team and implement unified defense rules. In order to simplify the operation, pest control can be combined with foliar spray fertilizer, that is, fungicides, insecticides and foliar fertilizer combined application, can play at the same time disease prevention, pest control, anti-dry hot wind, etc. "effect. The commonly used foliar fertilizers are 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.2% Tianda 2116 plant cell membrane stabilizer solution, and 1%-3% urea solution. Foliage top dressing is best performed after 4:00 PM on sunny days, spraying once every 7 to 10 days, and spraying 2 or 3 times. Within 24 hours after spraying, if there is rain, it should be sprayed once.
The control of wheat spiders can be sprayed with 0.9% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times solution; control wheat midge insects, from wheat heading to adult stage of blooming flowers, mu 50% cypermethrin EC 20 to 30 ml water spray, Treating a generation of cotton bollworm; control of wheat bran, can be 10% imidacloprid EC 10 to 15 grams per acre spray, concurrent treatment of Laodelphax striatellus; prevention and treatment of sheath blight, available 5% Jinggangmycin agent 150 ~ 200 ml per mu watered 75 ~ 100 kilograms of sprayed wheat stem base, sprayed once every 10 to 15 days; prevention of powdery mildew, rust, available 20% Trifenin EC 50-75 ml spray per acre; prevention of head blight, leaf blight and endoleopsis, available 50 The carbendazim WP can spray 75-100 grams per mu. A mixture of the above diseases and pests can be used to prevent and control the mixture of pesticides on the road.
Third, timely removal of wheat field weeds to prevent further spread
For the land where the previous chemical weeding was not thorough, especially the land with more wild oats. It should be removed in a timely and thorough manner. The weeds should be taken out of the fields to be buried deep or dried and burned to prevent further spread of harm in the next year.
Fourth, do a good job in selecting seeds, timely harvest
After heading wheat, the characteristics of the varieties gradually emerged. Wheat fields with wheat varieties must be properly cleaned and eliminated in order to increase the purity of wheat varieties. The best period of wheat harvesting was from the late waxing stage to the ripening stage, when dry matter accumulation reached the highest, and the 1000-grain weight was the highest. The appearance of the wax from the late stage to the mature stage is that the stems are all yellow, the leaves are yellow, the stems are still elastic, the grains are waxy, and the moisture content is about 25%. The color is close to the inherent luster of the species and can be cut off by fingernails.
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