The key mechanism of herpesvirus genome packaging is revealed
The key mechanism of herpesvirus genome packaging is revealed
June 03, 2019 Source: Chinese Journal of Science and Technology
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];(Reporter Yang Baoguo correspondent Yao Qiong) On May 30th, Nature published online research papers by Dr. Liu Yuntao, Professor Bi Guoqiang and collaborators of the National Research Center of Hefei Microscale Material Science, School of Life Sciences, China University of Science and Technology. They used cryo-electron microscopy to first analyze the key mechanisms of human herpesvirus genome packaging and the DNA genome structure of the virus, helping to prevent and control various diseases caused by herpes virus, and transforming herpes virus for targeted therapy.
Herpesviruses are a type of virus that is widespread in nature and can cause a variety of diseases, including herpes zoster, birth defects, multiple immune system diseases, and cancer. Herpesviruses include the envelope, intermediate protein layers, nucleocapsids, and genomic four-layer structures, where the nucleocapsid is often thought of as a regular icosahedron with a unique DNA channel that is where the viral genome enters and exits. Due to the lack of a high-resolution structure of viral genomes and capsid DNA channels, little is known about the genomic packaging process of virions.
One of the most critical processes in the herpesvirus life cycle is to “call†the DNA cleavage enzyme into the unique DNA channel of the capsid, identify, package and cleave double-stranded DNA, ultimately producing virions containing the genome. When the viral genome is filled in the viral capsid, a signal is sent to remove redundant DNA to complete the assembly. The researchers established a special algorithm to obtain the atomic resolution structure of the DNA channel on the herpes virus capsid and the high-resolution three-dimensional structure of most genomes by cryo-electron microscopy. It was found that the viral genome has a left-handed supercoil winding method and a The core of the sequence, and reveals how the viral genome packaging signals are transmitted and how the genome passes through the capsid DNA channel.
The study demonstrated the complete asymmetric structure of herpesvirus, obtained the DNA channel atomic model of the first eukaryotic virus, and was the first to detect the distorted state of DNA in the channel. The reviewer commented: "The authors use the most advanced local classification method to perfectly analyze the herpes virus structure, which is called the masterpiece of high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy."
Bi Guoqiang said that by understanding the basic rules of herpesvirus DNA transport and genomic packaging signal acquisition and transmission, on the one hand, targeted use of herpes virus-induced disease prevention and control; on the other hand, contribute to herpes virus Modification, making it a more practical carrier tool, and for tumor targeted therapy or brain neural circuit tracer.
The research is another milestone achievement of the Integrated Imaging Center of Hefei Microscale National Research Center of China University of Science and Technology. The Integrated Imaging Center is an innovative research and public technology platform built by Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences and the School of Life Sciences to promote interdisciplinary development.
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