Recent rainwater management
Since entering Mei on June 18, our province has continued to moderate heavy rain from south to north. The reporter learned that some crops such as corn, soybeans, cotton, vegetables and other crops have encountered waterlogging disasters. In the future, some parts of our province still have continuous rainfall. In this case, how do you manage field management? To this end, the reporter interviewed the relevant agricultural experts in the province.
Corn: Appropriate top dressing
"If corn soil water content reaches 90% of the maximum water holding capacity, it will form obvious waterlogging." Wang Shiji, deputy director of the Maize Research Center of the Shaanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that corn growers should be able to do sewerage, guttering, Supporting the ditch and the three channels to eliminate the mud in the ditch to ensure the smooth flow of the three ditch and improve drainage efficiency. After the rains, the farmers should promptly rule out the accumulation of water in the fields and drain them to the field to prevent the occurrence of “dumbnessâ€.
When waterlogging occurs, timely nitrogen fertilizers must be applied to recover the growth of corn. After eliminating the water from the fields, farmers can top up urea between corn rows, and the amount of mu is about 5 kg. Can also be sprayed fulvic acid and other growth promoters to promote corn root growth and improve resistance to stress. According to the current situation, the farmers need to set seedlings and time, and when the seedlings are removed, the seedlings will be removed too large and the seedlings will remain uniform. Mu Liumiao maintain 4000-4500 strains.
Before the jointing of corn, herbicides containing mesotrione-containing stems and leaves were sprayed to remove weeds and prevent post-rain grass. The concentration of the liquid should be diluted to prevent the concentration of the liquid to be too high. After the corn suffered floods and floods, due to the accumulation of water in the fields, the humidity of the soil and air was high, combined with the weak resistance of the damaged corn, and it was prone to diseases. The blade clay should be cleaned and sprayed with a bactericide such as carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl.
For plots with more than 4,500 acres and more prosperous land, spraying ethephon control agents at 9 leaves of the corn (before jointing) to control high-risk control and prevent late lodging.
Soybean: timely check
Zhang Lei, an expert in soybean genetics and breeding in our province and a post scientist in the National Soybean Industry Technology System, introduced that the response of soybeans to waterlogging is sensitive to seedlings, and the growth of roots and leaves after the disease has slowed down. Therefore, after the rainfall, it is necessary to check and clear the three ditch in time to eliminate the water in the field and reduce the soil water holding capacity in the field, which is beneficial to the growth of soybean roots. Do the ditch, gutter, waist ditch matching three channels, clear the ditch in the mud, to ensure the smooth flow of the three ditch.
According to the condition of the seedlings, the seedlings should be checked in time and the seedlings should be set. The seedlings should be transplanted or replanted with rainy weather to ensure that there is no large-scale seedling deficiency and the number of seedlings per mu is not less than 15,000. After the first compound leaf of soybean is unfolded, it can also be sprayed with quebrachoxime and fomesafen herbicide to chemically control weeds to prevent grass shortage after rain. If the seedlings are small and the amount of grass is large, they can be sprayed with fine grater grass and then sprayed with foflumesafen after the compound leaves are developed.
After the occurrence of waterlogging, farmers should promptly apply topdressing nitrogen fertilizer to restore soybean growth. After eliminating the water from the field, for some of the weaker plots, about 10 kg of urea can be applied. For the local patchwork plots, foliar fertilizers and regulators can be sprayed to promote the recovery of the frozen seedlings. After soybeans were flooded and flooded, due to the accumulation of water in the fields, the humidity of the soil and air was high, combined with the weak resistance after soybean damage, and the root diseases were heavier, which could be controlled by fungicides such as carbendazim and azoxystrobin.
Cotton: thin fertilizer
Anqing City Agriculture Commission senior agronomist Ning Ri-li told reporters that the current Anqing cotton area more than 40 million mu of cotton fields are affected by the impact of recent rains in varying degrees, some cotton fields even caused an unrequited harvest. After the flood, according to the situation of the water in the cotton fields, the “three ditches†should be opened to support the cotton fields, so that the ditch, gutters, and gutters can communicate with each other and be conducive to drainage and irrigation. At the same time, we must pay close attention to washing the seedlings and wash the paste on the leaves and stems to restore the normal photosynthesis of the leaves. Two to three days after the rain stopped, the soil was a little dry and the cotton plants had to be straightened. Within one week after the elimination of water from the field, the soil should be loosened and the soil permeability should be increased.
Water-supply fertilizers are accumulated experience in disaster prevention for many years. After the water recedes, cotton itself will also enter the peak period of demand for fertilizer. However, farmers need to be aware that due to the damage to cotton roots, a large amount of re-supply may adversely affect cotton growth. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the method of thin fertilizers and diligent use of fertilizers, focusing on quick-acting fertilizers, and promoting the regeneration of cotton seedlings as soon as possible. Farmers can also use 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre plus 15 kg of Canadian potassium chloride, which will facilitate the rapid recovery of cotton plants and can also help control the occurrence of blight. Ning Ri told reporters that cotton plants have strong roots, unlimited growth, and strong compensation capabilities. As long as the flooding is not over-the-top, the water will not die after the retreat of the cotton, and scientific management will be implemented after the disaster. The cotton field can still obtain a good harvest.
Vegetables: Disease prevention and pest control
According to the introduction of Qi Bo, deputy director of the Provincial Agriculture Committee's Vegetable Office, the vegetable plots with heavier crops have to speed up harvesting of tomatoes, peppers, watermelons, cowpeas, edamame, and other varieties that have not yet drowned completely to compensate for the loss caused by the poor harvest. At present, we must pay close attention to the use of live broadcast, not transplanting methods, sowing a group of fast-growing early-maturing leafy vegetables, such as cabbage, v. cabbage, radish, leeks, spinach, Chinese wolfberry, spinach, and edible fungus. The short growing period of these varieties can increase the income of farmers and ensure market supply.
For cultivars such as peppers, tomatoes, cowpeas, gourds, broccoli, and celery, which have not been flooded for a long time, and are growing poorly, they should pay close attention to supplementing urea and compound fertilizer after sunny days. After the plants are rejuvenated, the foliar fertilizer should be sprayed in time to promote the full recovery of the crop. For green leafy vegetables such as pakchoi, nitrogen-based fertilizers are mainly used to make the plant thin. Heavy rain, water damage to vegetable damage can easily lead to pests and diseases, flooding vegetables should be promptly clear diseased plants, diseased leaves, reduce field humidity, reduce the source of the disease.
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