Rainy season control of corn brown spot
Now that it has entered the rainy season, some common diseases on summer corn such as brown spot disease begin to show signs.
1. Symptoms occur in corn leaves, leaf sheaths, and stems. Occurrences of yellow oblong to small round spots appear on the outer leaves and male flowers of the ear. Occurred at the tip of the top leaf, lesions at the junction of the leaves and leaf sheaths were the most numerous, with transverse band-like symptoms. Initially yellowish-brown or reddish-brown small spots with round, elliptical to linear or fusiform lesions. Leaf tissue near the bulge is often red. Small lesions often come together. In severe cases, several or even all of the leaves appear on the leaves. Covered with lesions, the lesions on the leaves often appear white and transparent; larger brown spots appear on leaf sheaths and veins; the epidermis of lesions ruptures at the late stage of disease, and the leaf cell tissue is necrotic, emitting brown powder (spore of pathogenic bacteria). Sac). The diseased leaves are partially spalled and the veins and vascular bundles remain as filaments. The lesions on stems often occur near the nodes and often break at the infection center.
2. Incidence and pathogenesis: The pathogens lived in the ground or in diseased bodies with dormant spores (sac), and the pathogens were transmitted to the corn plants by the airflow in the second year. When germinating in suitable conditions, a large number of zoospores were generated. The spores swim in the water droplets on the surface of the leaves and form infective filaments. They often attack the young tissue of corn during the bell mouth period. In July and August, if the temperature is high, the humidity is high, and there is more rainy day, it is beneficial to the onset. In the barren soil, the leaves are yellow and the disease is serious. In the soil where the soil fertility is high, the corn is robust, the leaves are dark green, and the disease is lighter or not even pathogenic. Diseases often occur in 8-12 leaves of corn, and this disease does not generally occur after 12 leaves of corn.
3, control methods: Apply enough base fertilizer. Generally, it is necessary to apply Miaofei at the 4-5 leaves of maize, topdressing N, P, and K compound fertilizers by 10-15 kg/mu, and pay attention to the combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. Appropriate top-dressing, timely watering, timely cultivation and weeding, and other measures can promote the healthy growth of corn, enhance disease resistance, and eliminate hosts and reduce disease. With appropriate planting density, do not arbitrarily increase density, increase field permeability, and vigorously promote dry sowing and formula fertilization techniques. Dry sowing can be used to cultivate the corn seedlings, and the roots are deeply rooted. Formula fertilization, increased nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, make maize develop robust, rapid, and enhance plant disease resistance.
Chemical control: early prevention should be taken care of. In the 4 to 5 leaf stage of maize, 25% triadimefon 1500 times foliar spray per acre can prevent the occurrence of corn brown spot, or 50% acetaminophen wettable powder 1500 times, 12.5% Fuguo Li wettable powder 1000 times, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times. In order to improve the control effect, appropriate addition of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, etc., in combination with topdressing available fertilizer, can control the spread of disease, and promote the robustness of corn and improve the disease resistance of corn. According to the current rainy climate characteristics, spray bactericide should be 2-3 times, 7 days apart, within 6 hours after spraying, rain should be added after the rain.
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