Eighth note of applying aerosol in greenhouse
In winter and early spring, due to the low temperature and high humidity in plastic greenhouses, vegetables are likely to induce a variety of diseases and insect pests. The use of aerosols to control greenhouse vegetable diseases and insect pests is a new technology for controlling pests and diseases by condensing into aerosol particles after the gasification of pesticides or directly dispersing pesticides into aerosol particles. It has lower characteristics and less pesticide residues, and its control effect is obviously better than spraying, dusting and other application methods, especially during rainy days or disease epidemics. However, it is not used properly and does not receive the expected results. In order to improve the quality of prevention and control, the following points must be paid attention to during application:
First, check the shed surface. The smoke agent uses the smoke as a carrier to achieve the purpose of application. Therefore, before using the smoke agent in the greenhouse, the shed surface should be inspected and the loopholes should be filled to ensure that the shed surface is tightly closed. The stricter the control, the better the effect.
Second, choose the appropriate dosage form. There are many types of smokers in the market. There are tablets, dusts and granules. The selection should be based on the characteristics of the greenhouse. The tablets are most suitable for the distribution of small and long leek sheds. Wait for vegetable greenhouses and fruit greenhouses.
Third, symptomatic application. Before the application of the drug, it is necessary to ascertain the occurrence of diseases and insects, and to apply the drug symptomatically. For the prevention and treatment of downy mildew, blight, gray mold, etc., 10% chlorothalonil smoker or 15% grams of carbendazim smoker can be selected, and 200-250 grams per acre can be used for prevention of powdery mildew. 250 to 300 grams of medicine per acre; 22% dichlorvos or aphidicide can be used to control aphids, and 300 to 350 grams per acre of medicine.
Fourth, early medication. During the growth of vegetables, it is necessary to strengthen the investigation of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and timely control. Generally, disease prevention and control should be used before or at the beginning of the disease, once every 7 to 10 days, and 3 to 4 times in a row. .
Fifth, the dosage is appropriate. The amount of aerosol applied in the greenhouse should not be too high or too low. If the dosage is too high, the medicine is wasted and the pollution is aggravated; if the dosage is too low, the ideal prevention effect is not achieved. Therefore, the optimal application dose should be selected. Specifically, it should be determined according to the size of the greenhouse space, the occurrence of pests and diseases, and the effective content of smoke. For the prevention and treatment of cucumber downy mildew and gray mould, 45% chlorothalonil aerosol can be selected, 200-250 grams per mu, and smoked once every 7-10 days, and 3 to 4 times can be used in succession. In severely diseased greenhouses or poorly closed, the dose can be appropriately increased.
6. The application method should be correct. (1) Determination of the discharge point: the shed has a large space, and a variety of effective ingredients can be used. The effective content of the smoke agent is generally 10% to 50%, and the discharge point can be more, and 6 to 10 points can be set per 667 square meters. In order to prevent the harm caused by long-term high-concentration smoke fumigation near the discharge point, the discharge point should be slightly away from the crops; for relatively short sheds, it is advisable to use a smoke agent with a low content of active ingredients (10%, 15%). Properly increase; for small sheds less than 1.2 meters in height, it is not advisable to use smokers, otherwise it may easily cause phytotoxicity. (2) Discharge method: Because the smoke deposition has the characteristics of avoiding heat, the application effect is not good under sunlight, and it is best to use it after finishing work in the evening and sunset. During the discharge, it should be lighted in order from the inside to the outside of the shed. Finally, the smoke at the shed mouth should be ignited. Pay attention to any open flames that must be blown out to make it smoke normally. Then carry out agricultural operations.
Seven, alternate, alternate medication. In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, it is necessary to select 2 to 3 kinds of tobacco agents to be used alternately and alternately for the control object, so as to avoid single and multiple continuous use of the same cigarette agent.
8. Aerosols should be stored in a dry place. To avoid approaching the source of fire, aerosol can be used alone or alternately with dust method and spray method.
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