Barley spot disease
The symptoms are also called root rot or black spot disease. Northeast China, North China, Northwest China and Zhejiang Province all occur. Different parts of the growth period can be disease. After the seedlings are unearthed, young leaves and leaf sheaths produce brown lesions near the ground. The bases and stems of the stems gradually expand, causing the roots and stems to rot, and the diseased seedlings are short and the tillers increase. The leaves became infected with oval-shaped or spindle-shaped lesions. The middle part was dark brown with irregular edges and light color. It was called spot disease. Leaf sheath lesions are relatively large, long and gray, with brown spots, and the edges are not obvious. Some spikelets and glumes in the panicle were brown.
The pathogen, Cochliobolus sativus (Ito et Kurib.) Drechsl., is a member of the genus Ascomycota. The bacterium is a hetero-complex species, hermaphroditic. Self infertility. The strain was cultured on a wheat straw extract agar medium, pH 6-65, in a dialysis bag, cultured at 24° C. for 7 days, and moved to a temperature of 20° C. for 14 days to form a capsule holder. Asexual conidiophores solitary or 2-3 bunched, born from host epidermis, brown, with septa. Conidia vary greatly in shape and size, generally cylindrical, straight or curved, with fine ends at both ends, brown, size 60-120150-30 (μm), with 3-10 membranes. The bacteria have physiological differentiation. Some physiological races have serious damage to seedlings, and some damage adult barley. The germs mainly damage barley, wheat, oats and other grass weeds.
Transmission Pathways and Pathogenic Conditions The pathogenic bacteria may accumulate in the above parts of the mycelium by latent in the seed or in the diseased tissue during the winter or summer. Seeds became the main source of primary infection. The seed colonization rate is high, and its internal hyphae can directly harm the seedlings. The bacteria invade from the seedlings' coleoptile and then spread to young leaves and root caps. Mechanical injury and insect damage are conducive to the invasion of pathogens. The conidiospores produced in the diseased part of the year were re-infested by wind and rain, causing the onset of leaf, stem, and ear of adult plants. Variety disease resistance is different, continuous cropping, suffering from cold injury is easy to induce the disease. Infertile soil, insufficient fertilization, and poor growth of wheat plants.
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