Watermelon scaffolding cultivation technology

1, site preparation. It is advisable to choose watermelons that stand between leeks, fertile soil, and convenient drainage and irrigation. Before the site preparation, 4000--5000 kg of compost organic fertilizer was applied per mu, 75--80 kg of cooked bean cake or oil residue, 25 kg of ammonium sulfate, and 30--50 kg of superphosphate. After the site preparation, a width of about 1 to 1.30 meters is made, and the pods extend north and south, covering the mulch. 2, nursery transplanting. The framed watermelon, due to the need for close planting, requires that the plant growth can not be over-prosperous, the production of precocious or early-maturing fruit or medium-sized fruit quality, such as Su Mi. After transplanting, the large seedlings are transplanted and the seedling age is as good as four leaves. Each row is transplanted in two rows and the triangles are planted alternately. The planting density is determined according to the scaffolding method, and the general plant spacing is 0.40--. 50 meters, 1500--1800 strains per mu for stand cultivation, 1300--1600 strains per mu for herringbone cultivation, and 1100--1400 strains per mu for tripods; over-close planting often leads to a significant decrease in single melon weight. 3, erection bracket. In the beginning of the vine extension, when the vine grows 15--20 centimeters, it is easy to damage the stems and leaves when the scaffold is erected. There are three main types of brackets currently used in production: 3.1 Stands (also called fence frames). First, insert a pole every 2 meters on the west side of the watermelon plant line, and then tie a 3--4 thin beam along the melon seedling line. Sparse fence-like brackets, height of 2 meters. In order to enhance its stability and wind resistance, it is also possible to tie a horizontal connecting rod between each row of two vertical shelves to form a pergola-type scaffolding structure. 3.2 Tripod. The bamboo shoots or crop stalks are used as the frame materials. A triangular support is built around the guajava seedlings. The height is 0.80--1 m. The top of the frame is tied with every three poles, so that the melon seedlings are placed in the central part of the shelf. The distance between poles is 0.40--0.50 meters. 3.3 Herringbone. Between the two rows of melon shoots in Gualou, every two to three strains of watermelon are inserted obliquely into two bamboo sticks about 1.50 meters long, so that the upper end crosses into a “human” shape, and the feet of the two bamboo sticks are separated by 65. - 75 cm, then use thicker bamboo baskets to tie the upper cross beam, and then on both sides of the stand, along the line of melon seedlings, tie a cross bar (also called a waist bar) about 0.50 meters from the ground. Each junction is tied with a string. 4, pruning vines. The cultivating watermelons usually use double vine pruning, individual single pruning, leaving the main ranch second female flower sitting melon, leaving 1 melon per plant. When the melon vines grow to 50--70 cm, they follow the trend and lead the shelves. Before tying the vines, first fix the roots of the watermelons, then bend the melon vines, and wrap them on the support with wet straw or fine linen, and then tie them once every 30-40 cm. When tying vines, they must be bundled one by one, and must not be tied together, and they must not be tied too tightly so as not to affect the growth of the plants. However, they must be tightly fastened and the leaves must be arranged so as to prevent overlap or crossover so as to facilitate photosynthesis. For watermelons cultivated on stand or in a stand, the main and side vines should be trussed at the same time to allow the melons to stretch and grow in a “S” shape on the stand. For hanging hanging watermelons, two vines should be fastened before and after the melon section. When the melon grows to more than 0.50 kilograms, a straw mat with a diameter of about 10 centimeters is made of straw ropes to hold the guaté. , And with a rope hanging on the support, for the growing watermelon, during flowering and fruit setting, the melon vine into a "u" shape, so sitting Zuguai at the bottom of the "u", 0.33 meters from the ground. When the larvae grow to the size of the eggs, the squash is placed and the vines on top are tied. After the young melon grows and expands, it naturally falls to the ground. In order to prevent the skin from being damaged, a layer of soft firewood or sand may be preliminarily laid on the ground where the young cucumbers fall. The tripod-cultivated watermelon is generally bred to the main vine and allowed to grow. When tying the vines, the main vine is first led to a pole on the south side of the melon line, and then it spirals around the bracket until it reaches the top of the rack. After sitting on the melon, the two melons of the young melons are loosely tied before and after, so that the melons are grown on the pre-pastured ground, or the melons are placed on a straw mat before the melons fall to the ground and hang on the brackets to grow. 5, field management 5.1 top dressing, watering. The cultivating watermelon has high density and high yield, and the amount of fertilizer and water needed increases accordingly. In terms of specific management, generally in the beginning of vine extension, combined with reminder vines, in the distance of 20 cm away from melon root, chase 200 kg of perishable cake fertilizer or high-quality manure before opening the platform; , prevent running vines "pharmaceutical"; swell the melons every 3 - 5 days poured 1 times swelled melon water to keep the soil moist, combined with watering, mu 800--1000 kg decomposed manure dilute and urine, points Two rushes into the quail, in the interval between two rushing intervals, it can make up the last time quick fertilizer (usually urea 15-20 kg), 0.50%--1% urea and 0.20% can also be used. - 0.80% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution sprayed foliar fertilizer. 5.2 Cultivate and weed. After the planting, the seedlings shall be tempered and the inter-row cultivator shall be strengthened to raise the ground temperature; a shallow cultivator shall be taken before the scaffolding and the weeds shall be eradicated; after the vines are put on shelves, the weeds in and out of the racks shall be removed promptly to facilitate ventilation and lightening and watermelon growth. . 5.3 Timely cut vines. When the young melons grow to about 10 cm in diameter, the shoots are cut off and 50-60 leaves are kept per plant to reduce nutrient consumption and promote fruit enlargement. In addition, we must promptly prevent and treat pests and diseases.