Peanut Pest Prevention and Control

The main diseases of peanuts are blight (including stalk rot and bacterial wilt), viral diseases, leaf spot (including brown spot, black spot, net spot, and rust), and root-knot nematode; the main pests are underground pests. (Including gold turtles and dung beetles), aphids, cotton bollworms. In order to effectively control the pests and diseases of peanuts, according to the experience of Huizhou City, it is necessary to pay attention to standard prevention and control, to focus on the major pests and diseases in various growth stages of peanuts, and to take appropriate countermeasures to treat the disease and treat other diseases and insect pests. Its main approach is as follows. First, before sowing 1? Rotation for crops: the implementation of crops with grass or sweet potato, cassava, alfalfa, vegetables and other crop rotation, can effectively reduce the number of field pathogens and underground pests, reduce pest damage. 2 Intercropping: Peanuts and crops of different families are interplanted and planted, which is conducive to the protection and utilization of natural enemies and the control of insect pests. 3?Scientific fertilization: do enough base fertilizer, middle and high yield fields in the Mushi 2000 to 3000 kilograms of organic fertilizer on the basis of the general increase N 8 kg, P2O5.10 kg, K2O.14 kg. 4?Selected varieties: Use high-yield, adaptable and disease-resistant varieties suitable for local cultivation, remove mildew, small grains and purple seeds, and reduce the seed-borne rate. Second, seedling seedling stage (sowing to the abolism) with the main target of underground pests and wilt disease, and cure virus diseases and aphids, thrips, spider mites and so on. On the basis of careful selection of seeds and drying seeds, we will concentrate on seed disinfection and use 40% methylisothiphos EC or 35% methylthiophosphorus EC (0.2% of seed) and 50% carbendazim ( 0.2% of the seed amount), add the appropriate amount of water and mix seed dressing. Roots knot nematode disease occurs in severe plots, with 25% 23 seed coating agent per acre 1.4 kg seed dressing, residual period of 45 days, the seedling period of other diseases and pests have a better cure effect. Third, the flowering of the needle period of the main pests and diseases are aphids, we must pay attention to the maintenance of the use of ladybugs, flies, bees and other natural enemies, control of aphid damage. When the ratio of harm to harm is within 1:80 to 100, there is no need for pesticide control. When the ratio of hazards to malnutrition exceeds 1,000, the amount of mu should be more than 1000, 50% of mu is sprayed with 6-8 grams of wettable powder, and 40-50 kg of water is sprayed. The control effect is over 90%, and can be effectively preserved. Natural enemies; can also use 40% omethoate 30 ~ 40 ml watered 40 ~ 50 kg spray, and cure black turtle adult. Fourth, the fruit period This period is the period of the emergence of a variety of peanut pests, mainly the second and third generation of cotton spider worms, cockroaches and leaf spot disease, etc., control to master the mixing of pesticides, and other diseases and pests. (1) Cotton Reptile: When the number of eggs of 2 generations of cotton spider larvae (worms) reaches 40 grains (heads) or more, the amount of Bt 250 ml of water is sprayed with 40-50 kg of water, and the second time after 7 days, or With 40% of monocrotophos EC 50 ml watered 40 ~ 50 kg spray control. (2) Cockroaches: It can be controlled during the hatching period of black gold turtle shell eggs, and 4 mu of methyl isoflunisal or 35% methylthiophosphorus 150 to 250 ml, and 40 to 50 kg of earthworms are mixed and used for growing peanuts. Immediately after the cultivation of soil; ridges and cover film peanuts with 40% methyl isophosphorus or 35% methyl thiophosphorus 250 ~ 300 ml watered 750 kg pouring. (3) Leaf spot disease: When the diseased leaf rate reaches 10% to 15%, 50% carbendazim or 70% mancozeb 100g watering spray is used for prevention and treatment, 10 days after spraying; defertilization and premature aging Peanut acres plus 150 ~ 200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed spray, can improve the control effect. If there is rust mixed, mu with 20% triadimefon 30 ~ 40 ml watered 40 ~ 50 kg spray, can cure a variety of leaf diseases. V. Harvest Period This period focuses on comprehensive prevention to reduce the risk of transmission of pests and diseases: (1) Combine harvesting of peanuts and picking up pods. (2) Keep peanuts dried in time to prevent mildew and prevent peanut stem rot. (3) Remove the diseased leaves from the field, burn or bury it, and reduce the occurrence of leaf spot disease.